The Incidence and Relative Frequencies of Congenital Heart Disease in School Children in Otsu (1960-1966)

Congenital Cardiac Malformations

“…CA is rare in North American Indians [29] and various Asiatic countries. [30][31][32][33][34] Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome, occurring in 0.8 per 10,000 births, [13] is not a single cardiac malformation, but rather a spectrum of conditions characterized by underdevelopment of the aortic valve, left ventricle, mitral valve, left atrium, and aorta.…”

“…[27] Like coarctation, AVS is rare in North American Indians and Oriental countries. [29][30][31][32][33][34] There are two major types of subvalvular aortic stenosis, hypertrophic subaortic stenosis which may be a dominantly inherited or polygenic condition (chapter 8) and discrete membranous subaortic stenosis. The latter condition is rare, and we have not personally observed recurrence in relatives of 50 consecutively catheterized cases of this condition at our institution.…”