THE INACTIVATION OF ENTEROVIRUS INFECTIVITY BY THE SULFHYDRYL REAGENT p-CHLOROMERCURIBENZOATE

Abstract

In a previous communication (1) it was reported that a number of sulfhydryl reagents inactivated the hemagglutinating activity of enteroviruses. Detailed studies with p-chloromercuribenzoate (PCMB) showed that treated virus failed to adsorb to erythrocytes. Inactivation of hemagglutinating activity by mercaptide-forming sulfhydryl reagents was reversed by thiol compounds. These and other results suggested that sulfhydryl groups are involved in the adsorption of enteroviruses to erythrocytes.In preliminary experiments (1), it was also found that a number of sulfhydryl reagents decreased the infectivity of several enteroviruses. In the present communication, the results of further studies on the effects of a sulfhydryl reagent on the infectivity of enteroviruses are presented. The inactivation of infectivity of enteroviruses by PCMB, and the effect of various buffers and divalent cations on the inactivation are described. The reversal by reduced glutathione of the inactivation of infectivity by PCMB is reported. It is shown that under certain conditions, PCMB prevents the adsorption of some enteroviruses to monlayers of host cells in culture.

Effects of Sulfhydryl Inhibition on Red Blood Cells. Ii. Studies in Vivo*

“…Such a hypothesis remains for study. In addition, a possible relation of membrane sulfhydryl activity to cell "stickiness" was shown in the studies of Philipson and Choppin, who blocked with sulfhydryl inhibitors the attachment of viruses to red cells (46) and to tissue culture cells (47). In addition, it has been shown that modification of leukocytes by PMB inhibits their "adhesiveness" to siliconized glass beads (48).…”

SPECTRUM AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VIRUS INHIBITORY ACTION OF 2-(Α-Hydroxybenzyl)-Benzimidazole

“…of tris-buffered saline (21). After adsorption for 30 minutes at 35°C., the residual unadsorbed virus was removed, and the ceils were washed twice with 10 ml.…”

Specific Inactivation of Herpes Simplex Virus by Silver Nitrate at Low Concentrations and Biological Activities of the Inactivated Virus

“…Such sulfhydryl reagents have also been shown to inactivate the infectivity of many viruses. This reaction has been used by many previous investigators to obtain information on the superficial structure of viruses and the early stages of virus multiplication (1,2,4,7).…”

“…Monolayer cultures of chicken embryo, RK13, African green monkey kidney, HEp-2, and human embryonic lung cells were grown in Eagle minimum essential medium (MEM) supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated bovine serum, penicillin (100 U/ml), and streptomycin (100 jig/ml). The 4 ,uCi/ml. The cultures were incubated at 37 C until the cytopathic effect became evident (about 24 h).…”