The in Vitro Hatching of Ascaris Lumbricoides Eggs

Fairbairn, Donald

doi:10.1139/z61-020

Cited by 107 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Rogers (1958) observed hatching following the addition of both carbon dioxide and reducing agents to an in vitro culture of A. lumbricoides eggs. A similar result was reported by Fairbairn (1961), who demonstrated in vitro hatching of A. lumbricoides eggs after the addition of sulfur dioxide, sodium chloride, and sodium bicarbonate to an atmosphere of 5% carbon dioxide and 95% nitrogen. Jaskoski and Colucci (1964) tested the eect of ox bile on egg hatching and found that hatching in the presence of 90% bile failed to produce viable larvae, regardless of carbon dioxide supplementation, whereas a 10% bile concentration resulted in low hatching percentages (25±50%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Hatching of A. lumbricoides eggs in vitro has been achieved in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide and reducing agents (Rogers 1958) or using sulfur dioxide, sodium chloride, and sodium bicarbonate in an atmosphere of 5% carbon dioxide and 95% nitrogen (Fairbairn 1961). In other studies, A. suum eggs have been hatched using high carbon dioxide concentrations without reducing agents (Jaskoski and Colucci 1964), carbon dioxide combined with glass beads and magnetic stirring (Stromberg and Soulsby 1976), or glass beads with magnetic stirring in the absence of carbon dioxide (Urban et al 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of bile on the in vitro hatching, exsheathment, and migration of Ascaris suum larvae

Han¹,

Eriksen²,

Boes³

et al. 2000

Parasitol Res

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This study reports on the in vitro egg hatching, exsheathment, migratory activity, and sensitivity to anthelmintics of Ascaris suum larvae in cultures with or without bovine bile. Three methods for egg hatching and/or incubation were used: an object-glass method, a glass-bead method, and an incubation method. An agar migration assay (AMA) was developed to test the migratory activity of Ascaris larvae following hatching. Bile appeared to be an important stimulatory factor for both egg hatching and larval mobility in the incubation method. Incubation in low concentrations of bile (2%, 5%, or 10%) stimulated both egg hatching and larval migration, whereas concentrations of at least 20% impaired egg hatching and larval migration. Furthermore, 5% bile seemed to promote exsheathment of A. suum larvae.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of bile on the in vitro hatching, exsheathment, and migration of Ascaris suum larvae

Han¹,

Eriksen²,

Boes³

et al. 2000

Parasitol Res

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“…The worms were collected in a beaker containing 50 ml of normal saline (0.9%), and transported to the Helminthology Laboratory of the Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. The uteri of the worms were dissected open using forceps into a petri dish and washed with 0.5 M KOH solution into a beaker as previously described (Fairbairn, 1961). The eggs were then agitated gently in the KOH solution for 30 minutes in order to dissolve the sticky albuminous layer.…”

Section: Isolation Of Infective Eggsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The suspension was then transferred into centrifuge tubes and spun at 349 relative centrifugal force (rcf) xg for 3 minutes, and the supernatant gently decanted, leaving about 0.5 ml which contained the eggs. The eggs were then washed two times with distilled water and twice more with embryonating fluid (0.1 M sulphuric acid) according to the method described by Fairbairn (1961). The eggs collected were suspended in fresh embryonating fluid, transferred to Petri dishes and incubated for 30 days at 27˚C (Dubinsky et al, 2000), after which they were washed, and stored in distilled water at 4˚C until needed.…”

Section: Isolation Of Infective Eggsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental <i>Ascaris suum</i> infection in Yankasa lambs: Parasitological and pathological observations

Isah¹,

Ajanusi²,

Chiezey³

et al. 2017

Sokoto J. Vet. Sc.

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The effects of experimental Ascaris suum infection in Yankasa lambs were investigated. Twenty four (24) Yankasa lambs aged 6-8 months were purchased and randomly divided into two groups (1 and 2). The lambs in group 1, consisting of 16 animals, were orally infected with 1500 infective A. suum eggs daily for seven consecutive days while those in group 2, consisting of 8 animals were maintained as non-infected/control group. All the experimental animals were closely monitored for 10 weeks, during which faecal samples were collected and analysed; and biochemical parameters of the blood samples were also evaluated. A total of seven animals (six from the infected and one from the control group) were humanely sacrificed on days 7, 14, 28 and 56 post-infection (p.i.) for larval/worm recovery, gross and histopathological examinations of organs. The values of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) from animals in the infected group increased significantly (P<0.05) on day 14 p.i. The animals from the infected group were observed to have a significant increase in the mean values of creatinine and urea on day 28 p.i. All liver samples from the sacrificed infected animals showed varying degrees of diffuse whitish areas of necrosis. Similarly, histopathology revealed different levels of mononuclear cellular infiltration in the liver of the sacrificed infected animals. In two of the infected animals, the kidneys were congested. By comparison, the corresponding organs from animals in the control group were normal. Eight (8) A. suum larvae were recovered from the lungs of one infected animal sacrificed on day 28 post-infection. However, no egg was detected in the faeces of the lambs. It is concluded, based on the findings of this study that A. suum is infective to Yankasa lambs but is only slightly pathogenic to the lambs and did not develop to patency.

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“…AE were obtained by surgical remotion of the cuticle from adult worms 13 and LC was obtained from eggs eclosion 6 and larvae collection by Baerman Morales Method 16 . Erythrocyte superficial charge was studied by working with non -treated human erythrocytes (controls) and treated (T) ones, both washed in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and resuspended to a 75% hematocrit.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ascaris lumbricoides: alteration of the erythrocyte superficial charge using the Partition Method in aqueous two-phase system

León

Lebensohn

Foresto

et al. 2009

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYSialic acid is responsible for the negative charge of the erythrocyte. The decrease of sialic acid has hemodynamical and hemorheological importance. The aim was to study the effect of A. lumbricoides on the erythrocyte superficial charge using the Partition Method in aqueous two-phase system in order to indirectly evaluate the alteration of sialic acid in the red cells.We worked with five parasite extracts (AE) and larvae concentrate (LC). Erythrocyte superficial charge was studied by working with non-treated (Controls) and treated erythrocytes. The treatment consisted of incubating the erythrocytes with AE or LC for 30 minutes at 4 ºC, 20 ºC and 37 ºC. The red cells were separated in a sensitive charge two-phase system (Dx/ PEG). The partition coefficient (P) of treated and untreated erythrocytes were calculated. The results showed a P decrease at the three temperatures for red cells treated with four of the AE. The remaining extract did change P values at any of the temperatures studied. The erythrocytes treated with LC showed a decrease in the P value at 37 ºC and 4 ºC but no change was observed at 25 ºC. Statistical analysis concluded that P values were significantly lower in treated erythrocytes than in their corresponding untreated ones (p < 0.05). The Partition Method showed that this parasite alters the erythrocyte superficial charge which may indicate that it can catch sialic acid. KEYWORDS: Ascaris lumbricoides; Erythrocyte charge; Partition method.Sialic acid is responsible for the negative charge of the erythrocyte membrane and contributes to the structural properties of the glycophorines. A decrease in the contents of sialic acid in the membrane promotes erythrocyte aggregation, rouleaux formation, decrease in the blood flow and increase in blood viscosity, which results in a greater interaction between erythrocytes and vascular endothelium 8 . Cellular mechanisms of many infectious processes are not known with accuracy and they may involve host and parasite surface glycoconjugates. Trypanosoma cruzi takes sialic acid from the host glycoconjugates and transfers it to molecules on its surface. Taking hold of sialic acid makes T. cruzi resistant to the attack of complement proteins and antibodies of cytolitic capacity 5 . In trypanosomiasis caused by T. congolense, T. brucei and T. evansi the adhesion phenomenon of the parasites to erythrocytes and endothelial cells is mediated by structures which contain sialic acid residues 2,4,9 . The existence of invasion ways through acid sialic receptors in Plasmodium falciparum has been communicated 7 . The occurrence of sialic acid in different parasite infections with endocellular replication has been reported but there are no reports of its role in Ascaris lumbricoides. The aim was to study the effect of A. lumbricoides on the erythrocyte superficial charge using the Partition Method (PM) in aqueous two-phase system in order to indirectly evaluate the alteration of sialic acid in the red cells.Five parasite extracts (AE) and a larvae concentrated (LC)...

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The in Vitro Hatching of Ascaris Lumbricoides Eggs

Cited by 107 publications

References 4 publications

Effects of bile on the in vitro hatching, exsheathment, and migration of Ascaris suum larvae

Effects of bile on the in vitro hatching, exsheathment, and migration of Ascaris suum larvae

Experimental <i>Ascaris suum</i> infection in Yankasa lambs: Parasitological and pathological observations

Ascaris lumbricoides: alteration of the erythrocyte superficial charge using the Partition Method in aqueous two-phase system

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