The In Vitro Activity of Essential Oils against Helicobacter Pylori Growth and Urease Activity

Abstract

The anti-H. pylori properties of 26 different commercial essential oils were examined in vitro by MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) determination for the reference strain H. pylori ATCC 43504. We selected 9 essential oils with different anti-Helicobacter activities and established their phytochemical composition and urease inhibition activities. Phytochemical analysis of the selected essential oils by GC-MS method and antioxidant activity were performed. The phenol red method was used to screen the effect of essential oils on urease activity expressed as IC50 (the half of maximal inhibitory concentration). The most active essential oils, with MIC = 15.6 mg/L, were thyme, lemongrass, cedarwood and lemon balm oils; MIC = 31.3 mg/L—oregano oil; MIC = 62.5 mg/L—tea tree oil; MIC = 125 mg/L—pine needle, lemon and silver fir oils with bactericidal effect. Urease activity was inhibited by these oils with IC50 ranged from 5.3 to > 1049.9 mg/L. The most active was cedarwood oil (IC50 = 5.3 mg/L), inhibiting urease at sub-MIC concentrations (MIC = 15.6 mg/L). The statistical principal component analysis allowed for the division of the oils into three phytochemical groups differing in their anti-H. pylori activity. To summarize, the activity in vitro of the five essential oils silver fir, pine needle, tea tree, lemongrass, and cedarwood oils against H. pylori was found in this paper for the first time. The most active against clinical strains of H. pylori were cedar wood and oregano oils. Moreover, cedarwood oil inhibited the urease activity at subinhibitory concentrations. This essential oil can be regarded as a useful component of the plant preparations supporting the eradication H. pylori therapy.

Phytochemical and Biological Activity Studies on Nasturtium officinale (Watercress) Microshoot Cultures Grown in RITA® Temporary Immersion Systems

“…The antimicrobial activity analysis was conducted according to the guidelines of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) [ 58 ]. Mueller–Hinton broth and Mueller–Hinton broth with 5% lysed sheep blood were used for the growth of nonfastidious and fastidious bacteria, respectively, while RPMI (Roswell Park Memorial Institute Medium) with MOPS (3-( N -morpholino)propanesulfonic acid) was used for the growth of fungi as we described elsewhere [ 59 , 60 ]. The MIC of the tested derivatives was determined for a wide panel of reference microorganisms from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), including Gram-negative bacteria ( Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43504), Gram-positive bacteria ( Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228), and fungi ( Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019, Candida glabrata ATCC 90030, Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404, Trichophyton mentagrophytes ATCC 9533, Penicillum chrysogenum ATCC 10106, Microsporum canis clinical strain).…”

Phytochemical Fingerprinting and In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of the Aerial Parts of Thymus marschallianus Willd. and Thymus seravschanicus Klokov Growing Widely in Southern Kazakhstan

“…Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43504, being a microaerophilic Gram-negative bacteria, was also included in these studies. MIC estimation was performed by micro-dilution broth method with resazurin as a growth indicator, as described previously [ 39 ]. Each experiment was repeated in triplicate.…”

In Vitro Screening Potential Antibacterial Properties of the Greek Oregano Honey against Clinical Isolates of Helicobacter pylori

“…Urease inhibitory effect was assayed via the alkalimetric method, according to Hamilton Miller and Gargan (1979), Mobley et al (1988), and Korona-Glowniak et al (2020) for urease preparations of H. pylori DSM21031, HpU1, and HpU2 strains in the presence of potential urease inhibitors [35][36][37]. In a 96-well plate, a volume 10 µL of bacterial suspension with a density of three (3) according to the McFarland scale, (approximately; 3 × 10 8 cells (CFU)/1 mL) was mixed with various concentrations of inhibitors (a: crude honey, as described below; b: honey extracts with the solvent diethyl ether), in urea medium (0.1 g/L yeast extract, 9.1 g/L KH 2 PO 4 , 9.5 g/L Na 2 HPO 4 , 20 g/L urea, and 0.01 g/L phenol red) and the assay cocktail mixed thoroughly by pipetting.…”