The importance of weather and agronomic factors for the overwinter survival of yellow rust (<i>Puccinia striiformis</i>) and subsequent disease risk in commercial wheat crops in England

Gladders, P.; Langton, S. D.; Barrie, I. A.; Hardwick, N. V.; Taylor, Moray; Paveley, N. D.

doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.2007.00131.x

Cited by 37 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…P. striiformis f. sp. tritici has to overwinter in living host tissues (Li and Zeng 2002;Sharp and Hehn 1963) and its survival over the winter is a key determinant of spring epidemics that directly result in crop losses (Gladders et al 2007;Li and Zeng 2002;Sharma-Poudyal and Chen 2011). In cold high-altitude regions, P. striiformis f. sp.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Overwintering of Wheat Stripe Rust Under Field Conditions in the Northwestern Regions of China

Ma²,

2019

Plant Disease

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Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici Erikss., is an important disease of wheat worldwide. Identification of pathogen survival hot spots is important for predicting disease onset and subsequent spread to other regions, and such understanding is essential for developing integrated management strategies. We conducted field studies to determine the relationship of P. striiformis f. sp. tritici overwintering potential to winter temperatures in 10 sites in the northwest of China in three growing seasons (2011–12, 2012–13, and 2013–14). The fungus survived better in wheat cultivars with stronger winter hardiness than in those with weaker winter hardiness. Windowpane analysis suggested that P. striiformis f. sp. tritici winter survival is related to temperatures in the coldest period from mid-December to late January. β Regression showed that P. striiformis f. sp. tritici winter survival was negatively related to the number of days with daily average temperature <−2°C for cultivars with weak winter hardiness and <−4°C for cultivars with both moderate and strong winter hardiness. Models developed under constant temperature experiments greatly underestimate the P. striiformis f. sp. tritici overwinter potential under field conditions. This underestimation probably results from the possibility that P. striiformis f. sp. tritici in wheat tissues may have increased tolerance to low temperatures because of acclimation to gradual temperature changes under field conditions. The present models can be used to predict quantitative risks of P. striiformis f. sp. tritici overwintering in winter-wheat-growing regions for timely implementation of regional disease management strategies.

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confidence: 99%

Overwintering of Wheat Stripe Rust Under Field Conditions in the Northwestern Regions of China

Ma²,

2019

Plant Disease

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“…The initiation of rust epidemics depends critically on rainfall as a source of primary inoculum that effectively deposits spores traveling these long distances (Nagarajan and Singh, 1990); dry deposition accounts for only a very small fraction of spores deposited from the atmosphere (Li et al, 2009;Rowell and Romig, 1966). Furthermore, the viability of urediospores of rusts is greatly reduced by temperatures below about −5 • C (Eversmeyer and Kramer, 1995;Gladders et al, 2007;Jurick II et al, 2008;Pfender and Vollmer, 1999). This strongly influences their winter survival rate, thereby re-enforcing the importance of new incoming primary inoculum in the spring to initiate epidemics.…”

Section: E Morris Et Al: Ice Nucleation Activity Of Rust Fungi Umentioning

confidence: 99%

Urediospores of rust fungi are ice nucleation active at > −10 °C and harbor ice nucleation active bacteria

Morris

Sands

Glaux³

et al. 2013

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

110

124

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Abstract. Various features of the biology of the rust fungi and of the epidemiology of the plant diseases they cause illustrate the important role of rainfall in their life history. Based on this insight we have characterized the ice nucleation activity (INA) of the aerially disseminated spores (urediospores) of this group of fungi. Urediospores of this obligate plant parasite were collected from natural infections of 7 species of weeds in France, from coffee in Brazil and from field and greenhouse-grown wheat in France, the USA, Turkey and Syria. Immersion freezing was used to determine freezing onset temperatures and the abundance of ice nuclei in suspensions of washed spores. Microbiological analyses of spores from France, the USA and Brazil, and subsequent tests of the ice nucleation activity of the bacteria associated with spores were deployed to quantify the contribution of bacteria to the ice nucleation activity of the spores. All samples of spores were ice nucleation active, having freezing onset temperatures as high as −4 °C. Spores in most of the samples carried cells of ice nucleation-active strains of the bacterium Pseudomonas syringae (at rates of less than 1 bacterial cell per 100 urediospores), but bacterial INA accounted for only a small fraction of the INA observed in spore suspensions. Changes in the INA of spore suspensions after treatment with lysozyme suggest that the INA of urediospores involves a polysaccharide. Based on data from the literature, we have estimated the concentrations of urediospores in air at cloud height and in rainfall. These quantities are very similar to those reported for other biological ice nucleators in these same substrates. However, at cloud level convective activity leads to widely varying concentrations of particles of surface origin, so that mean concentrations can underestimate their possible effects on clouds. We propose that spatial and temporal concentrations of biological ice nucleators active at temperatures > −10 °C and the specific conditions under which they can influence cloud glaciation need to be further evaluated so as to understand how evolutionary processes could have positively selected for INA.

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“…The increasing threat of WSR worldwide can be attributed to a combination of various factors. They include favorable climatic conditions conducive to infections [13][14][15][16][17]; long-distance migration capacity [16,18]; high rates of mutation and existence of recombinant and highly diverse populations [10,[19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weather-Based Predictive Modeling of Wheat Stripe Rust Infection in Morocco

et al. 2020

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Predicting infections by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, with sufficient lead times, helps determine whether fungicide sprays should be applied in order to prevent the risk of wheat stripe rust (WSR) epidemics that might otherwise lead to yield loss. Despite the increasing threat of WSR to wheat production in Morocco, a model for predicting WSR infection events has yet to be developed. In this study, data collected during two consecutive cropping seasons in 2018–2019 in bread and durum wheat fields at nine representative sites (98 and 99 fields in 2018 and 2019, respectively) were used to develop a weather-based model for predicting infections by P. striiformis. Varying levels of WSR incidence and severity were observed according to the site, year, and wheat species. A combined effect of relative humidity > 90%, rainfall ≤ 0.1 mm, and temperature ranging from 8 to 16 °C for a minimum of 4 continuous hours (with the week having these conditions for 5% to 10% of the time) during March–May were optimum to the development of WSR epidemics. Using the weather-based model, WSR infections were satisfactorily predicted, with probabilities of detection ≥ 0.92, critical success index ranging from 0.68 to 0.87, and false alarm ratio ranging from 0.10 to 0.32. Our findings could serve as a basis for developing a decision support tool for guiding on-farm WSR disease management, which could help ensure a sustainable and environmentally friendly wheat production in Morocco.

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The importance of weather and agronomic factors for the overwinter survival of yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis) and subsequent disease risk in commercial wheat crops in England

Cited by 37 publications

References 29 publications

Overwintering of Wheat Stripe Rust Under Field Conditions in the Northwestern Regions of China

Overwintering of Wheat Stripe Rust Under Field Conditions in the Northwestern Regions of China

Urediospores of rust fungi are ice nucleation active at > −10 °C and harbor ice nucleation active bacteria

Weather-Based Predictive Modeling of Wheat Stripe Rust Infection in Morocco

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The importance of weather and agronomic factors for the overwinter survival of yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis) and subsequent disease risk in commercial wheat crops in England

Cited by 37 publications

References 29 publications

Overwintering of Wheat Stripe Rust Under Field Conditions in the Northwestern Regions of China

Overwintering of Wheat Stripe Rust Under Field Conditions in the Northwestern Regions of China

Urediospores of rust fungi are ice nucleation active at &gt; −10 °C and harbor ice nucleation active bacteria

Weather-Based Predictive Modeling of Wheat Stripe Rust Infection in Morocco

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Urediospores of rust fungi are ice nucleation active at > −10 °C and harbor ice nucleation active bacteria