The Importance of the Measurement of Enzyme Activity in Medicine

Schmidt, E.; Schmidt, Florian; Horn, Heike; Gerlach, U

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-395630-9.50129-8

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 391 publications

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“…The homogenate was frozen overnight to allow proper release of enzymes as indicated by (13). Activities of ALP, LDH and GDH in the supernatant fluid were determined spectrophotometrically as follows: ALP activity was measured by the method of (14) where p-nitrophenyl phosphate was hydrolysed and the absorbance read at 400nm; LDH activity was estimated using the procedure of (15) by measuring the amount ofpyruvate formed from lactate at 440ran and GDH activity by the method of (16) in which conversion of NADH to NAD + was followed at 340nm. Protein concentration was measured by the biuret (17).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the activities of three diagnostic enzymes in the heart of rats following the consumption of diets deficient in zinc and essential fatty acids

Adisa

Odutuga

1998

IUBMB Life

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SummaryChanges in the activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) in the heart following the consumption of diets deficient in zinc and essential fatty acids (EFA) by rats were investigated. The study was a 2 X 2 factorial design in which rats were fed diets deficient in zinc (5gg/g) or EFA (4% hydrogenated coconut oil) or both. The control diet was adequate in both zinc (100~tg/g) and EFA (4% soyabean oil). The experimental diets were fed for forty-two days after which time the activities of the enzymes were terminally determined in the heart of the rats. The result showed that the activity of ALP was markedly elevated in rats consuming either zinc or EFA deficient diet and slightly in the group deficient in both EFA and zinc. LDH and GDH activities were significantly depressed by EFA only. An interactive effect of zinc and EFA was indicated only for ALP activity. The data indicate a resistance of cardiac tissue to moderate zinc deficiency. However, the effects of EFA were apparent.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the activities of three diagnostic enzymes in the heart of rats following the consumption of diets deficient in zinc and essential fatty acids

Adisa

Odutuga

1998

IUBMB Life

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“…Lactate dehydrogenase (EC. 1.1.1.27) and glutamate dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.2) activities were determined as described by Wroblewski and La Due (1955) and Schmidt et al (1965) respectively. Protein concentration was estirmated by biuret method as described by Gornal et al (1949).…”

Section: Determination Of Enzyme Activities and Protein Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme activities and histopathology of selected tissues in rats treated with potassium bromate.

Akanji¹,

Nafiu²,

Yakubu³

2010

African Journal of Biomedical Research

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The effect of chronic administration of potassium bromate (KBrO 3 ), a flour improver, on some 'marker' enzymes of rat cellular system was investigated. The levels of these enzymes were measured progressively in the kidney, liver and small intestine, 24h after days 1, 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 following the administration of 10mg/kg body weight of potassium bromate and when left for 10days without administration after their 20 daily doses. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activities of all the tissues were significantly (P<0.05) decreased in KBrO 3 treated groups with corresponding significant (P<0.05) increase in the serum enzymes. Acid phosphatase (ACP) activities of all the tissues as well as the serum enzyme activities were significantly (P<0.05) decreased. There was only recovery in the ACP activities of all the tissues. Histological examination revealed congestion of the central vein with blood cells in the hepatocytes, infiltration of the interstitial cells accompanied with acute nephritis in the nephrons and mild mucosal dysfunction in the small intestine. The alterations in the 'marker' enzymes as well as in the tissue histology are indications of adverse effect of potassium bromate on the cells which might be due to the presence of oxygen in the molecule leading to oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids on the ordered lipid bilayer of cell membranes. All these might be responsible for the various adverse effects associated with the chemical compound.

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“…Intense proteolysis to supplement aminoacids to be converted to ketoacids as precursors for the maintenance of carbohydrate metabolism to meet the energy requirement elicited by heavy metal stress has been reported in Channa punctatus and Heteropneustes fossilis exposed to copper [11,12]. GOT and GPT are cellular metabolic enzymes usually found in small concentrations in plasma derived probably from the regular physiological shedding of cells [13]. Liberation of these enzymes in to the blood stream is a detrimental effect of the heavy metals inducing degenerative necrotic changes and hypofunction of liver [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Curative effect of Vitamin C on the Variation in Biochemical and Histopathological Parameters Induced by Copper Exposure in the Teleost Fish, Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792)

Kumar¹,

Nandan²,

Kumari³

et al. 2014

IOSRJESTFT

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The biochemical and histopathological alterations in the blood and liver of the teleost fish, Anabas testudineus subjected to two sub-lethal concentrations of copper and the capacity of vitamin C to counteract the toxicity induced perturbations were investigated. The 96 hour LC 50 value of copper for A. testudineus was determined by Probit method and was found to be 1.74 mg/L. The blood and liver samples were collected from copper exposed and vitamin supplemented media on the 7 th ,14 th ,21 st and 28 th day of exposure. Copper exposure significantly increased (p˃0.0001) the activity of biomarkers of hepatotoxicity such as GOT (Glutamate oxalate transaminase) and GPT (Glutamate pyruvate transaminase) in serum and liver compared to vitamin supplemented fishes.The decrease in serum and liver protein of copper exposed fishes justifies increased energy demand due to copper induced oxidative stress. The liver of copper treated fish showed histopathological alterations such as degeneration of hepatocytes,cell necrosis, inflammation with sinusoid dilation,increased incidence of kupffer cells and vacuole formation. Vitamin administration was effective in improving the physiological and histological integrity in copper intoxicated fishes.The present study shows that copper is harmful to Anabas testudineus even at sub-lethal concentrations and it's enrichment in water and sediment is a dangerous threat to aquatic life.

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The Importance of the Measurement of Enzyme Activity in Medicine

Cited by 22 publications

References 391 publications

Changes in the activities of three diagnostic enzymes in the heart of rats following the consumption of diets deficient in zinc and essential fatty acids

Changes in the activities of three diagnostic enzymes in the heart of rats following the consumption of diets deficient in zinc and essential fatty acids

Enzyme activities and histopathology of selected tissues in rats treated with potassium bromate.

Curative effect of Vitamin C on the Variation in Biochemical and Histopathological Parameters Induced by Copper Exposure in the Teleost Fish, Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792)

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