THE IMPORTANCE OF SOME CARABIDAE AND STAPHYLINIDAE AS PREDATORS OF THE CABBAGE ROOT FLY, <i>ERIOISCHIA BRASSICAE</i> (BOUCHÉ)

Coaker, T. H.; Williams, Dean A.

doi:10.1111/j.1570-7458.1963.tb00613.x

Cited by 106 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In Finland, accuracy of forecasting the activities of D. radicum was decreased because of the presence of D. floralis in the same fields (Tiilikkala and Ojanen 1999). Agronomic features of the crop such as seeding date, plant density (Dosdall et al 1996) tillage regime ) and the abundance and species composition of root maggot natural enemies (Coaker and Williams 1963;Jones and Hassell 1988;Hemachandra 2004) may also greatly influence population densities and damage inflicted by these pests. Nevertheless, the current model, with its emphasis on previous summer temperatures and precipitation, represents a first step in forecasting the damaging effects of maggots on roots of canola crops across a wide geographic area featuring many different canola production practices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root maggots (Delia spp., Diptera: Anthomyiidae) in prairie canola (Brassica napus L. and B. rapa L.): Spatial and temporal surveys of root damage and prediction of damage levels

Soroka¹,

Dosdall²,

Olfert³

et al. 2004

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Soroka, J. J., Dosdall, L. M., Olfert, O. O. and Seidle, E. 2004. Root maggots (Delia spp., Diptera: Anthomyiidae) in prairie canola (Brassica napus L. and B. rapa L.): Spatial and temporal surveys of root damage and prediction of damage levels. Can. J. Plant Sci. 84: 1171-1182. The levels of infestation and damage to canola taproots caused by crucifer-feeding root maggots (Delia spp.)(Diptera: Anthomyiidae) were determined through surveys of commercial crops across the canola growing regions of western Canada. Canola root damage caused by Delia spp. maggots was measured at the end of the season by determining the percentage of plants infested (PPI) per field and estimating average damage levels (DL, on a scale of 0 to 5) to taproots. Over the course of the survey, 2890 canola fields were sampled. Infestation by root maggots occurred wherever canola is grown in western Canada. In the study, 96% of the fields surveyed in Manitoba and Saskatchewan and 99.8% of the fields in Alberta showed evidence of root maggot feeding, with PPI much higher than in provincial surveys of a decade previously. Geographical ecoregion significantly affected both PPI and DL. The greatest amount of damage over the largest area was found in western and northwestern Alberta, although localized areas with severely damaged roots occurred along the northern edge of the entire Parkland ecoregion. Over the entire survey area, Brassica rapa L. roots had greater PPI and DL than B. napus L. roots, although species differences were not significant in Saskatchewan or Manitoba. Data from the survey were correlated with weather variables to develop a model predicting the levels of damage inflicted by root maggots to canola roots. Of the weather variables investigated, temperature, especially the average temperature in the preceding July and August, had the greatest influence on PPI and DL. The warmer the temperatures of the preceding July and August, the lower the PPI and DL in the current year. Likewise, previous year's July and August precipitation influenced PPI and DL negatively. Other weather parameters had little consistent influence on PPI and DI. The predictive model for PPI and DL, developed from the 1995-1998 survey data, incorporated canola species, ecoregion, previous July-August and September-October temperatures and precipitation. The validity of the model was assessed using a set of survey data collected in Alberta from 1981 to 1983. Regression equations of predicted results on actual results were significant. However, r 2 values for the regressions were low, in part because of the few ecoregions surveyed and the lack of canola species data recorded in the earlier survey, and because of the large increase in infestation levels since the earlier data were collected. The study is a first step in forecasting the effects of root maggots across a wide geographic area featuring many different canola production practices. For personal use only.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root maggots (Delia spp., Diptera: Anthomyiidae) in prairie canola (Brassica napus L. and B. rapa L.): Spatial and temporal surveys of root damage and prediction of damage levels

Soroka¹,

Dosdall²,

Olfert³

et al. 2004

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…Larval development takes place inside the roots, where larvae dig galleries while feeding, leading to root decay when infestation is heavy. A large part of egg and larval mortality in D. radicum is caused by predation by several species of carabidae and staphylinidae (Wishart et al 1956;Hugues 1959;Coaker and Williams 1963;Luff 1987;Wright et al 1960;Mowat and Martin 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a Widespread Monomolecular Odor Differentially Attractive to Several Delia Radicum Ground-dwelling Predators in the Field

et al. 2007

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Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) was identified as a major volatile constituent of Brassica napus roots heavily infested by Delia radicum, the cabbage root fly. Attractiveness of this widespread compound was tested in the field in a naturally complex odorous environment. By using an original setup especially designed for ground dwelling beetles, different concentrations of the pure molecule as well as attractiveness of the natural blend emitted by the rotten part of infested roots were tested simultaneously. The use of general linear model (GLM) statistics permitted us to finely discriminate the responses among the different treatments. The main predators of D. radicum (i.e., two staphylinids Aleochara bilineata and Aleochara bipustulata and carabid beetles of the genus Bembidion) were significantly attracted by DMDS, but responded in different ways to the natural blend and to the different concentrations tested. The dose-response curves were similar for the two staphylinids. However, whereas A. bilineata was more attracted by the natural volatile blend than by its preferred DMDS concentration, A. bipustulata was attracted as much by the natural blend as by its preferred DMDS concentration. Carabid beetles exhibited a different response. They were not attracted by the natural blend, but responded to a wider range of DMDS concentrations that included low concentrations that did not attract the staphylinid beetles. These results are discussed according to the potential resources searched by each taxon studied and their specificity for the resources. The possible use of DMDS for enhancing biological control of D. radicum is mentioned.

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“…Carabid species diversity was higher in peak summer, found abundant in samples taken from litter and agricultural fields while lowest in areas near constructions. Carabid bettles considered as bio control agent of different crop pests and polyphagus on wide variety of plants [23], [24], [25]. During our study carabid collected from the agricultural fields have very low weed infestation due to their predation on weed seeds [26] intercropping enhance the beneficial role of carabid bettles.…”

Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic and Abundance of Ground Beetles (Carabidae: Coleoptera) From District Poonch Azad Kashmir, Pakistan

Rahim¹

2013

IOSR-JAVS

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THE IMPORTANCE OF SOME CARABIDAE AND STAPHYLINIDAE AS PREDATORS OF THE CABBAGE ROOT FLY, ERIOISCHIA BRASSICAE (BOUCHÉ)

Cited by 106 publications

References 8 publications

Root maggots (Delia spp., Diptera: Anthomyiidae) in prairie canola (Brassica napus L. and B. rapa L.): Spatial and temporal surveys of root damage and prediction of damage levels

Root maggots (Delia spp., Diptera: Anthomyiidae) in prairie canola (Brassica napus L. and B. rapa L.): Spatial and temporal surveys of root damage and prediction of damage levels

Identification of a Widespread Monomolecular Odor Differentially Attractive to Several Delia Radicum Ground-dwelling Predators in the Field

Systematic and Abundance of Ground Beetles (Carabidae: Coleoptera) From District Poonch Azad Kashmir, Pakistan

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