The importance of previous season performance on world-class 200- and 400-m individual medley swimming

Castillo, José Antonio Del; González-Ravé, José María; Perona, Francisco Hermosilla; Cerro, Jesús Santos del; Pyne, David B.

doi:10.5114/biolsport.2022.103573

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…When planning training, coaches need to determine then prescribe the relative proportion of training of each stroke for the 400 m IM event throughout the season. To achieve the best performance in 400 m IM, coaches must ensure that middle-distance front crawl training is a priority given a positive association between that freestyle and IM swimming [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodization and Programming for Individual 400 m Medley Swimmers

Hermosilla

González-Ravé

Castillo³

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Knowledge in the scientific domain of individual medley (IM) swimming training over a competitive season is limited. The purpose of this study was to propose a detailed coaching framework incorporating the key elements of a periodized training regimen for a 400 m IM swimmer. This framework was based on the available coaching and scientific literature and the practical experience and expertise of the collaborating authors. The season has been divided in two or three macrocycles, further divided in three mesocycles each (six or nine mesocycles in total), in alignment with the two or three main competitions in each macrocycle. The principal training contents to develop during the season expressed in blood lactate zones are: aerobic training (~2 mmol·L−1), lactate threshold pace (~4 mmol·L−1) and VO2max (maximum oxygen uptake) (~6 mmol·L−1). Strength training should focus on maximum strength, power and speed endurance during the season. Altitude training camps can be placed strategically within the training season to promote physiological adaptation and improvements in performance. A well-constructed technical framework will permit development of training strategies for the 400 m IM swimmer to improve both training and competitive performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodization and Programming for Individual 400 m Medley Swimmers

Hermosilla

González-Ravé

Castillo³

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…The individual medley (IM) events in swimming are performed with all four competitive swimming strokes: butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke, and freestyle. The 200 m IM and 400 m IM are the most challenging middle-distance events in swimming and the complexity in their preparation gives them a special appeal for swimming coaches and researchers ( Del Castillo et al., 2022 ; González-Ravé et al, 2022 ; Hermosilla et al, 2021 ). The importance of swimming the individual form stroke events (butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke, and freestyle over 100 m and/or 200 m) to a high standard is acknowledged by IM coaches and swimmers’ based on our long experience in competitive swimming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elite IM swimmers usually score up to 900 or more FINA points in their main event and other competitive strokes ( González-Ravé et al, 2023 ). Del Castillo et al. (2022) reported three different IM profiles: 200 m IM swimmers holding higher FINA points in sprint swimming, 200–400 m IM swimmers, and 400 m IM specialists holding higher FINA points in middle distance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of each of the four swimming strokes to elite 200-400 individual medley swimming performance in short and long course competitions

González-Ravé,

Santos-Cerro,

González-Megía

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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Objectives The relative contribution of each of the four strokes to performance, and whether these contributions differ substantially between short course and long course competitions is unclear. To clarify these issues the aim of this study was to assess the strokes that have more influence on the performance in the 200 and 400 m IM swimming performances of elite male and female swimmers, participating in major events: Olympic Games (OG) and World Championship (WC) in short-course and long-course from 2012 to 2021. Methods Data from 1,095 swimmers (501 women and 594 men) who competed in 200 and 400-m IM were obtained with a minimum level of 800 FINA points. Linear regression modelling and classification trees were employed to quantify differences between strokes and short/long course swimming. Results Regression analysis indicated that breaststroke (β = − 0.191; p < 0.000) and backstroke (β = − 0.185; p < 0.000) had a bigger effect on IM performance, with butterfly (β = − 0.101; p < 0.000) having a lesser impact. The classification trees showed threshold performance standards in terms of 50-m times in form-stroke events must be fulfilled to attain medal-winning performances. Conclusions These form-stroke standards represent important milestones for designing medal-oriented training strategies for both 200 IM and 400 m IM. Achieving a medallist position in 200 and 400 m IM requires obtaining specified lap times in butterfly, breaststroke and backstroke for males and females in long-course competitions, and breaststroke and backstroke for short-course competitions. The OG presents more exigent demands of lap times in butterfly, crawl and backstroke for IM swimmers.

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“…The 200-mIM and 400-mIM are the most challenging events in swimming, and the complexity in their preparation gives them a special appeal ( Del Castillo et al, 2022 ; Hermosilla et al, 2021 ). Analysis of the last decade of international swimming shows the breadth and depth of various world-ranked IM swimmer profiles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition and Training Strategies for Developing World Class 200- and 400-m Individual Medley Swimmers

González Ravé,

Del Castillo,

Santos del Cero

et al. 2023

Journal of Human Kinetics

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Swimming performance achieved in 50-m, 100-m and 200-m events in each swimming stroke can have an influence on the final performance in individual medley (IM) events. We attempted to quantify the relative contributions of performance in individual stroke events to top-10 world ranked IM competition performance. We examined competition results of top-10 world ranked IM swimmers (90 males and 90 females) between 2012 and 2018. A general linear model was developed to examine association between the 200-m and 400-mIM and predictor variables of competition performance in other 50-m, 100-m, and 200-m events. The main predictor variable for 200-mIM medalist status was having scored more than 900 FINA points in at least one 100-m event. Scoring more than 800 FINA points in at least two 200-mIM events, and more than 900 FINA points in at least one 100-m event, was important for success in the 400-mIM. Top-10 world ranked 200-mIM and 400-mIM swimmers require a world class standard in one or more individual stroke event(s).

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The importance of previous season performance on world-class 200- and 400-m individual medley swimming

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Periodization and Programming for Individual 400 m Medley Swimmers

Periodization and Programming for Individual 400 m Medley Swimmers

Contributions of each of the four swimming strokes to elite 200-400 individual medley swimming performance in short and long course competitions

Competition and Training Strategies for Developing World Class 200- and 400-m Individual Medley Swimmers

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