The Importance of Neurocysticercosis in Stroke in Rural Areas of a Developing Latin American Country

Brutto, Oscar H. Del; Lama, Julio

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.13-0196

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…9,10 All residents 60 years of age were invited to undergo non-enhanced brain computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The institutional review board (IRB) of the Hospital-Clínica Kennedy in Guayaquil, Ecuador (FWA 00006867) approved the protocol and the informed consent.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcified Neurocysticercosis Associates with Hippocampal Atrophy: A Population-Based Study

Brutto¹,

Salgado²,

Lama³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Calcified neurocysticercosis has been associated with hippocampal atrophy in patients with refractory epilepsy, but the relevance of this association in the population at large is unknown. We assessed calcified cysticerci and its association with hippocampal atrophy in elderly persons living in Atahualpa, an Ecuadorian village endemic for neurocysticercosis. All Atahualpa residents 60 years of age were invited to undergo computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging for neurocysticercosis detection. Twenty-eight (11%) out of 248 enrolled persons had calcified cysticerci (case-patients) and were matched 1:1 by age, sex, and years of education to individuals without neurocysticercosis on computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (controls). Four case-patients and none of the controls had epilepsy (P = 0.134). Cognitive performance was similar across both groups. The Scheltens' medial temporal atrophy scale was used for hippocampal rating in case-patients and matched controls without neurocysticercosis. Mean score in the Scheltens' scale was higher in case-patients than in controls (P 0.001). Atrophic hippocampi were noticed in 19 case-patients and five controls (P = 0.003). Atrophy was bilateral in 11 case-patients and unilateral in eight. All case-patients with unilateral hippocampal atrophy had at least one ipsilateral calcification. This study shows an association between calcified cysticerci and hippocampal atrophy and raises the possibility of an inflammation-mediated hippocampal damage as the responsible mechanism for these findings.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcified Neurocysticercosis Associates with Hippocampal Atrophy: A Population-Based Study

Brutto¹,

Salgado²,

Lama³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…An inflammatory reaction surrounding cerebral cysts can induce infarcts due to narrowing and occlusion of both large and small vessels 32. This disease is associated with local cultural practices and poor sanitation, and occurs frequently in rural areas of Latin America, in sub-Saharan Africa and in Asia 32 33. Tuberculosis is associated with increased risk of ischaemic stroke that results from vasculitis or intimal proliferation causing thrombosis 34.…”

Section: Epidemiology and Stroke Aetiology From A Global Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Ischaemic stroke in young adults: a global perspective

Boot¹,

Ekker²,

Putaala

et al. 2020

J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry

171

147

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Ischaemic stroke at young age is an increasing problem in both developing and developed countries due to rising incidence, high morbidity and mortality and long-term psychological, physical and social consequences. Compared with stroke in older adults, stroke in young adults is more heterogeneous due to the wide variety of possible underlying risk factors and aetiologies. In this review, we will provide an overview of the global variation in the epidemiology of stroke in young adults, with special attention to differences in geography, ethnicity/race and sex, as well as traditional and novel risk factors for early-onset ischaemic stroke, such as air pollution. Understanding global differences is an important prerequisite for better region-specific prevention and treatment of this devastating condition.

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“…Case series from endemic areas have demonstrated that NCC can be a cause of stroke as well as a stroke mimic. 20 A thorough travel history along with a careful evaluation of radiological clues will enable clinicians to initiate appropriate investigation and management.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocysticercosis presenting as a ‘Stroke Mimic’

et al. 2016

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A 62 year old Nepalese gentleman presented with left sided weakness and sensory loss. Initial brain CT scanning was suggestive of acute infarction but a subsequent MRI scan showed cysts with oedema. Cysticercosis serology was positive and a diagnosis of neurocysticercosis was made. The patient made almost a complete recovery after treatment with albendazole, praziquantel and steroids. Neurocysticercosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis when patients originating from endemic areas present with focal neurological deficit.

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The Importance of Neurocysticercosis in Stroke in Rural Areas of a Developing Latin American Country

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Calcified Neurocysticercosis Associates with Hippocampal Atrophy: A Population-Based Study

Calcified Neurocysticercosis Associates with Hippocampal Atrophy: A Population-Based Study

Ischaemic stroke in young adults: a global perspective

Neurocysticercosis presenting as a ‘Stroke Mimic’

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