The Impacts of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on Smart and Sustainable Cities

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the impacts of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on the implementation of smart sustainable cities. For this purpose, a data mining process was conducted to analyze the terms that had a higher incidence in the literature in order to classify them by relevance and identify their interdependencies in the concepts of sustainable cities and smart cities. As a result, we highlight that the Fourth Industrial Revolution will have implications on several factors that are deeply connected to the success of cities in becoming sustainable: job creation, industries, innovation, environmental preservation, community involvement, and accessibility. In this context, policymakers will have opportunities and challenges that must be faced. Big data, the IoT, augmented reality, and simulations can have positive and negative externalities. Positive externalities include new information that could be mined, analyzed, and used for identifying previously unseen problems, the provision of new industrial innovations that can make economies thrive, helping promote inclusion for disabled people, as well as helping society to foresee problems and hence adapt to them in a timely manner.

A systematic literature review: Setting a basis for smart and sustainable city performance measurement

“…Because of this technocentric structure of smartness, the need for a more sustainable perspective, where close attention is also given to social needs, has been raised (Belli et al, 2020). The criticism of the neglection of some sustainability goals has led to the emergence of the “smart sustainable city” concept that combines smartness with sustainability (Ahvenniemi & Huovila, 2021; Antolín et al, 2020; Garau & Pavan, 2018; Gonçalves et al, 2021; Huovila et al, 2019; Kramers et al, 2014).…”

“…These demands and the sustainability complications call for innovative ways of urban management (Sharifi, 2019). Based on the same rationale, Gonçalves et al (2021) analyze the effects of Industry 4.0 innovations on the sustainable development of urban areas and suggest that it has many contributions to it. In addition, Belli et al (2020) present the Internet of Things as one of the many paradigms of innovation that takes the environment into account and behaves accordingly.…”

“…People searching for a job and a better life quality are continuously attracted by cities compared to the rural regions (Gonçalves et al, 2021). According to the United Nations, 68% of the world's population is going to live in cities by 2050 (United Nations, 2018).…”

The Impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on Ethical Leadership

“…The application of the fourth technological revolution gradually replaces traditional labor with modern technologies, and humanity will enter a new era of knowledge. Cities are becoming smarter, and infrastructure, education, health, public safety, transportation and application-based public services incorporate software systems [49]. Jee (2017) argues that the fourth technological revolution will improve the quality of life of many people around the world, open up new markets and promote economic growth [52].…”

“…Perspective by Ceci et al (2012) [71], the articles were collected and sorted according to the process of extracting the issues related to the research work to identify the keywords with the highest frequency of occurrence and the relationship between them. Their relationship to show that international scientists have solved problems related to the fourth industrial revolution [49], this study will explore how this industrial revolution has impacted to ethical leadership.…”