The impacts of first line highly active antiretroviraltherapy on serum selenium, cd4 count and body mass index: a short cross sectional and prospective study

Akinboro, Adeolu Oladayo; Onayemi, Olaniyi; Ayodele, Olugbenga Edward; Mejiuni, Ayodele David; Atiba, Adeniran Samuel

doi:10.11604/pamj.2013.15.97.2524

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This was evident by a significant higher (P<0.05) mean±SD HAART serum Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Zinc, Selenium, Potassium and Sodium serum levels (except Copper and Chloride) of the HIV positive Patients in comparison with the mean±SD Pre-HAART values. This observation agrees with that of Akinola et al [21], Arinola et al [47] and Sundaram et al [73] who observed a significant increase in zinc and that of Akinboro et al [22] and Look et al [74] who observed a significant increase…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Micronutrients which comprise of essential trace elements (e.g Zinc, Copper and Selenium) and vitamins (e,g Vitamin A, C and E) are nutrients needed in minute specific quantities in the body which play leading roles in the production of enzymes, hormones and other substances, helping to regulate growth activity, essential in wound healing, development and the functioning of the immune and reproductive system, maintenance of the integrity of skin and mucous membranes, which also function as a barrier to bacteria and viruses and protection against lipid peroxidation among several others [20][21][22][23]. Most micronutrients are not generated in the body but are derived from food intake [24][25][26].…”

Section: Effects Of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (Haart) On Some Serum Micronutrients and Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) on some Serum Micronutrients and Electrolytes Levels in HIV Infected Patients in Southern Nigeria

Kester

Ray

Samson

et al. 2018

BJSTR

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Micronutrients and electrolytes deficiencies are prevalent among HIV-infected populations. The use of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) on the other hand has been shown to increase the life expectancy of HIV infected individuals. The present study was designed to determine the effects of HAART on some serum micronutrients and electrolytes concentrations in HIV positive patients attending Emuoha General Hospital, Emuoha Local Government Area, River State, Southern Nigeria, six months post-therapy. A cohort of 163 patients comprising 111 HIV Positive subjects (25 males and 86 females) and 52 apparently healthy HIV negative controls (11 males and 41 females) were recruited for this study. HIV infection was detected using rapid tests Kits: Alere DetermineTM HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combo Rapid Tests Kits (Abbot Rapid Diagnostics, California, USA), Uni-GoldTM Recombigen® HIV-1/2 (Trinity Biotech Plc, Wicklow, Ireland) and Chembio HIV 1/2 STAT-PAK® Rapid Test Kit (Chembio Diagnostic systems, New York, USA). The serum micronutrients and electrolytes levels of the patients were analyzed at diagnosis and 6 months after initiation of HAART using atomic absorption spectrophotometry and ion selective electrode automation, respectively. The outcome of this study show that the mean±SD HAART serum Vitamin A (8.02±0.70µg/dl), Vitamin C (1.21±0.42mg/dl), Vitamin E (0.41±0.02mg/dl), Zinc (89.20±4.73µg/dl) and Selenium (44.42±5.23µg/dl) serum levels of the HIV positive Patients were lower than the controls (9.70±0.93µg/dl, 1.73±0.16mg/dl, 0.67±0.09mg/ dl, 98.48±3.34µg/dl and 55.17±6.02µg/dl, respectively), but significantly higher (P<0.05) than the mean±SD Pre-HAART values (6.32±1.11µg/dl, 0.75±0.09mg/dl, 0.35±0.04mg/dl, 76.20±9.16µg/dl and 23.30±5.91µg/dl, respectively). On the other hand, the mean ± SD serum copper levels of the HAART HIV-positive subjects (31.66±2.33µg/dl) were higher than the controls (26.43±3.34µg/dl), but significantly lower (P<0.05) than that of the pre-HAART (35.12±2.82µg/dl). Furthermore, the results also show that the mean±SD HAART serum Potassium (3.92±0.43mmol/L) and Sodium (134.50±3.27mmol/L) serum levels of the HIV positive Patients were lower than the controls (4.07±0.57mmol/L and 137.46±3.35mmol/L, respectively), but significantly higher (P<0.05) than the mean±SD Pre-HAART values (3.29±0.33mmol/L and 132.61±2.46 mmol/L, respectively). Meanwhile, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) between the mean±SD Pre-HAART (98.92±5.65mmol/L) and HAART (99.59±6.53mmol/L) serum chloride levels of HIV-positive Patients and the Controls (100.42±6.28mmol/L). Also, there were no significant differences between the males and females in all the parameters measured, except for serum vitamin C and zinc levels. On one hand, while the HIV positive males' mean±SD HAART vitamin C serum level (1.46±0.36mg/dl) was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of their female counterparts (1.14±0.41mg/dl), on the other hand, their mean±SD HAART serum zinc level (89.42±2.45µg/dl) was significantly lower than that of the female...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Effects Of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (Haart) On Some Serum Micronutrients and Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) on some Serum Micronutrients and Electrolytes Levels in HIV Infected Patients in Southern Nigeria

Kester

Ray

Samson

et al. 2018

BJSTR

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“…Thus, it is difficult to directly compare studies using different selenium status readouts [ 143 ]. Anti-retroviral therapies may also confound the selenium status [ 144 , 145 ]. However, some studies have not supported this notion [ 146 ].…”

Section: Immune Responses To Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium, Selenoproteins, and Immunity

2018

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Selenium is an essential micronutrient that plays a crucial role in development and a wide variety of physiological processes including effect immune responses. The immune system relies on adequate dietary selenium intake and this nutrient exerts its biological effects mostly through its incorporation into selenoproteins. The selenoproteome contains 25 members in humans that exhibit a wide variety of functions. The development of high-throughput omic approaches and novel bioinformatics tools has led to new insights regarding the effects of selenium and selenoproteins in human immuno-biology. Equally important are the innovative experimental systems that have emerged to interrogate molecular mechanisms underlying those effects. This review presents a summary of the current understanding of the role of selenium and selenoproteins in regulating immune cell functions and how dysregulation of these processes may lead to inflammation or immune-related diseases.

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“…Weight gain following ART initiation is well documented . However, the weight gain on ART is likely to follow a prior weight loss.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population‐level decline in BMI and systolic blood pressure following mass HIV treatment: Evidence from rural KwaZulu‐Natal

Geldsetzer

Feigl

Tanser

et al. 2016

Obesity

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Objective: Clinic-based studies have shown that patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gain weight after initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study aimed to determine whether the scale-up of ART was associated with a population-level increase in body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP) in a community with high HIV and obesity prevalence. Methods: A household survey was conducted in rural KwaZulu-Natal before ART scale-up (in 2004) and when ART coverage had reached 25% (in 2010). Anthropometric data was linked with HIV surveillance data. Results: Mean BMI decreased in women from 29.9 to 29.1 kg/m 2 (P 5 0.002) and in men from 24.2 to 23.0 kg/m 2 (P < 0.001). Similarly, overweight and obesity prevalence declined significantly in both sexes.Mean systolic BP decreased from 123.0 to 118.2 mm Hg (P < 0.001) among women and 128.4 to 123.2 mm Hg (P < 0Á001) among men.Conclusions: Large-scale ART provision is likely to have caused a decline in BMI at the population level, because ART has improved the survival of those with substantial HIV-related weight loss. The ART scaleup may have created an unexpected opportunity to sustain population-level weight loss in communities with high HIV and obesity prevalence though targeted lifestyle and nutrition interventions.

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The impacts of first line highly active antiretroviraltherapy on serum selenium, cd4 count and body mass index: a short cross sectional and prospective study

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Effects of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) on some Serum Micronutrients and Electrolytes Levels in HIV Infected Patients in Southern Nigeria

Effects of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) on some Serum Micronutrients and Electrolytes Levels in HIV Infected Patients in Southern Nigeria

Selenium, Selenoproteins, and Immunity

Population‐level decline in BMI and systolic blood pressure following mass HIV treatment: Evidence from rural KwaZulu‐Natal

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