The Impact of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Male (In)Fertility

Pinho, Ana Rita; Rebelo, Sandra; Pereira, Maria de Lourdes

doi:10.3390/ma13040849

Cited by 47 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 86 publications

(156 reference statements)

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“… A wide variety of applications of ZnO nanoparticles in biomedicine, industry, and environment. Reproduced from [ 21 ] with permission of MDPI under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, zinc oxide (ZnO) finds attractive applications in biomedical field, environment and industry ranging from electronics, textiles, tires, cosmetics, food processing and preservation, etc. ( Figure 1 ) [ 21 ]. Zinc oxide in the bulk form is considered as a “generally recognized as safe” (GRAS) substance by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interactions of Zinc Oxide Nanostructures with Mammalian Cells: Cytotoxicity and Photocatalytic Toxicity

Liao

Jin

et al. 2020

IJMS

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This article presents a state-of-the-art review and analysis of literature studies on the morphological structure, fabrication, cytotoxicity, and photocatalytic toxicity of zinc oxide nanostructures (nZnO) of mammalian cells. nZnO with different morphologies, e.g., quantum dots, nanoparticles, nanorods, and nanotetrapods are toxic to a wide variety of mammalian cell lines due to in vitro cell–material interactions. Several mechanisms responsible for in vitro cytotoxicity have been proposed. These include the penetration of nZnO into the cytoplasm, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) that degrade mitochondrial function, induce endoplasmic reticulum stress, and damage deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), lipid, and protein molecules. Otherwise, nZnO dissolve extracellularly into zinc ions and the subsequent diffusion of ions into the cytoplasm can create ROS. Furthermore, internalization of nZnO and localization in acidic lysosomes result in their dissolution into zinc ions, producing ROS too in cytoplasm. These ROS-mediated responses induce caspase-dependent apoptosis via the activation of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2), Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (chop), and phosphoprotein p53 gene expressions. In vivo studies on a mouse model reveal the adverse impacts of nZnO on internal organs through different administration routes. The administration of ZnO nanoparticles into mice via intraperitoneal instillation and intravenous injection facilitates their accumulation in target organs, such as the liver, spleen, and lung. ZnO is a semiconductor with a large bandgap showing photocatalytic behavior under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. As such, photogenerated electron–hole pairs react with adsorbed oxygen and water molecules to produce ROS. So, the ROS-mediated selective killing for human tumor cells is beneficial for cancer treatment in photodynamic therapy. The photoinduced effects of noble metal doped nZnO for creating ROS under UV and visible light for killing cancer cells are also addressed.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of Zinc Oxide Nanostructures with Mammalian Cells: Cytotoxicity and Photocatalytic Toxicity

Liao

Jin

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…ZnO-NPs can also damage lung and reproductive functions. 114,115 However, since factors like size, temperature, solvent properties, pH, and others affect ZnO-NPs toxicity, it is difficult to determine a safe concentration range. Fortunately, they are unlikely to damage organs and embryos in orthopedic applications since ZnO-NPs are incorporated or coated on the implant.…”

Section: Toxicity and Anticancer Properties Toxicity Mechanisms And Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Enhancing ZnO-NP Antibacterial and Osteogenesis Properties in Orthopedic Applications: A Review</p>

Li¹,

Yang²,

Qing³

et al. 2020

IJN

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Prosthesis-associated infections and aseptic loosening are major causes of implant failure. There is an urgent need to improve the antibacterial ability and osseointegration of orthopedic implants. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are a common type of zinccontaining metal oxide nanoparticles that have been widely studied in many fields, such as food packaging, pollution treatment, and biomedicine. The ZnO-NPs have low toxicity and good biological functions, as well as antibacterial, anticancer, and osteogenic capabilities. Furthermore, ZnO-NPs can be easily obtained through various methods. Among them, green preparation methods can improve the bioactivity of ZnO-NPs and strengthen their potential application in the biological field. This review discusses the antibacterial abilities of ZnO-NPs, including mechanisms and influencing factors. The toxicity and shortcomings of anticancer applications are summarized. Furthermore, osteogenic mechanisms and synergy with other materials are introduced. Green preparation methods are also briefly reviewed.

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“…This review recognizes that some nanoparticles (NPs) may act as reproductive toxicants depending on several factors (i.e., type of NPs, exposure route and duration), and induce damage to the male reproductive system by affecting the seminiferous tubules and spermatogenesis [ 145 , 146 ]. This is mainly due to the fact that NPs can easily enter the blood circulatory system and reach the testes by crossing the blood testes barrier.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives of Nanoparticles in Male Infertility: Evidence for Induced Abnormalities in Sperm Production

Iftikhar

Noureen

Uzair

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Advancement in the field of nanotechnology has prompted the need to elucidate the deleterious effects of nanoparticles (NPs) on reproductive health. Many studies have reported on the health safety issues related to NPs by investigating their exposure routes, deposition and toxic effects on different primary and secondary organs but few studies have focused on NPs’ deposition in reproductive organs. Noteworthy, even fewer studies have dealt with the toxic effects of NPs on reproductive indices and sperm parameters (such as sperm number, motility and morphology) by evaluating, for instance, the histopathology of seminiferous tubules and testosterone levels. To date, the research suggests that NPs can easily cross the blood testes barrier and, after accumulation in the testis, induce adverse effects on spermatogenesis. This review aims to summarize the available literature on the risks induced by NPs on the male reproductive system.

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The Impact of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Male (In)Fertility

Cited by 47 publications

References 86 publications

Interactions of Zinc Oxide Nanostructures with Mammalian Cells: Cytotoxicity and Photocatalytic Toxicity

Interactions of Zinc Oxide Nanostructures with Mammalian Cells: Cytotoxicity and Photocatalytic Toxicity

<p>Enhancing ZnO-NP Antibacterial and Osteogenesis Properties in Orthopedic Applications: A Review</p>

Perspectives of Nanoparticles in Male Infertility: Evidence for Induced Abnormalities in Sperm Production

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