The impact of vitamin D supplementation on VDR gene expression and body composition in monozygotic twins: randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Vitamin D supplementation is widely used. However, there is no consensus on the use and dosage of this supplement and the existing recommendations arise from studies based on the benefits that this nutrient can facilitate in bones. In addition, individual genetics can influence the response to supplementation, therefore, research involving monozygotic twins aims to reduce these differences in phenotypic responses. The objective of this randomised controlled study is to examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on body composition and the expression of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) mRnA. An intervention was performed through supplementation with cholecalciferol at the concentration of 2000 IU in 90 healthy adult monozygotic twins (male or female pairs) for 2 months. The findings showed that serum vitamin D concentration increased by 65% and VDR gene expression sixty times (p = 0.001). Changes in body composition parameters were observed regarding body fat and lean mass. our results indicate that an increase in serum vitamin D concentration may have potential therapeutic implications. Supplementation with vitamin D (cholecalciferol) has become a widely used practice, since a relationship has been demonstrated of low levels of this nutrient with the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, the recurrence of diseases, and mortality 1,2,3. However, as there is no consensus on sufficient serum levels of vitamin D, taking into account its non-skeletal functions, it is necessary to assess whether the increase in this nutrient in individuals with 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH) D) levels above the current cutoff point, generates any health benefits 4. Vitamin D is involved in several non-skeletal functions, such as cell regulation, differentiation, and growth 3 , and adaptive and innate immunity control 5 , as well as being associated with inflammatory markers 6 , since the vitamin D receptor (VDR) is expressed in almost all human cells 7. The activity of this nutrient in the human organism involves its binding with VDR 8 , whose expression is modulated by the blood levels of the 1,25diidroxivitamin D (1,25 (OH) 2D) 9 and genetic variants 10. It is believed that there is a negative correlation between the concentration of 25 (OH) D with the body mass index (BMI) and percentage of fat mass 11. However, few studies have comprehensively evaluated the effect of

Vitamin D3supplementation does not enhance the effects of resistance training in older adults

“…The training intervention led to marked changes in muscle mRNA transcriptome profiles in the two supplementation arms combined, with 499 genes being differentially expressed (DE) after 3.5 weeks of resistance training (post‐intro RT; 436 genes ↑, 63 genes ↓, Figure 11A) and 312 genes being DE after 13 weeks of resistance training (post‐RCT; 255 genes ↑, 57 genes ↓) ( Figure 11A,B). VDR was expressed, but unaffected by combined vitamin D 3 supplementation and resistance training, contradicting previous observations of a positive association between supplementation‐induced improvements in 25(OH)D status and leukocyte, 126 myoblast/myotube 127 and skeletal muscle 128 VDR expression. GO enrichment analyses revealed increased expression of gene sets associated with extracellular matrix, blood vessel morphogenesis and leukocyte migration at both 3.5 and 13 weeks ( Figure 11C, Supporting Information, Table S8), as well as increased expression of the inflammatory response gene set at 3.5 weeks (Supporting Information, Table S8).…”

Vitamin D level, lipid profile, and vitamin D receptor and transporter gene variants in sickle cell disease patients from Kurdistan of Iraq

“…6 In monozygotic twins (male or female pairs), supplementation of cholecalciferol at the concentration of 2000 IU for 2 months increased circulating serum vitamin D levels and VDR mRNA expression. 24 Also, the VDR expression has been reported to be correlated with higher 25(OH)-D levels suggested that the VDR was positively regulated by 1, 25-(OH). 25 In the present study, the frequencies of TaqI (rs731236) genotypes and alleles were not significantly different comparing SCD patients with controls.…”

“…Vitamin D supplementation has improved the pain symptoms in an SCD patient with VDD and severe osteoporosis 6 . In monozygotic twins (male or female pairs), supplementation of cholecalciferol at the concentration of 2000 IU for 2 months increased circulating serum vitamin D levels and VDR mRNA expression 24 . Also, the VDR expression has been reported to be correlated with higher 25(OH)‐D levels suggested that the VDR was positively regulated by 1, 25‐(OH) 25 …”

The Effects of Vitamins and Micronutrients on Helicobacter pylori Pathogenicity, Survival, and Eradication: A Crosstalk between Micronutrients and Immune System

“…In humans, IL-1 β and TLR activation are required for vitamin D to upregulate β -defensin [ 87 ]. Vitamin D also increases the expression of VDR which positively upregulates the production of vitamin D in the body; moreover, the vitamin D/VDR complex will further bind to CAMP promotor and significantly enhance its expression [ 88 , 89 ]. Guo et al indicated that the presence of small interfering (si) VDR and siCAMP in the individuals might reject the theory that vitamin D has antibacterial activity [ 89 ].…”