The impact of urban street layout on local atmospheric environment

Xie, Xianhong; Huang, Zhen; Wang, Jiasong

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.05.028

Cited by 145 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Greatest concentrations along the boulevard and weakest vertical transport are observed when the longer sides of building blocks are parallel to the boulevard, which supports previous studies performed over idealised street canyons [63,67,68]. Non-uniform building height in V perHV is shown to decrease pc accumulation on the leeward side of the boulevard street canyon, especially under a southwesterly wind when the building height mainly increases downwind [65,69,70]. Apart from buildings, street trees can alter the flow field and canyon vortex, and thereby decrease pollutant ventilation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Ventilation and Air Quality in City Blocks Using Large-Eddy Simulation—Urban Planning Perspective

et al. 2018

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Buildings and vegetation alter the wind and pollutant transport in urban environments. This comparative study investigates the role of orientation and shape of perimeter blocks on the dispersion and ventilation of traffic-related air pollutants, and the street-level concentrations along a planned city boulevard. A large-eddy simulation (LES) model PALM is employed over a highly detailed representation of the urban domain including street trees and forested areas. Air pollutants are represented by massless and passive particles (non-reactive gases), which are released with traffic-related emission rates. High-resolution simulations for four different city-block-structures are conducted over a 8.2 km 2 domain under two contrasting inflow conditions with neutral and stable atmospheric stratification corresponding the general and wintry meteorological conditions. Variation in building height together with multiple cross streets along the boulevard improves ventilation, resulting in 7-9% lower mean concentrations at pedestrian level. The impact of smaller scale variability in building shape was negligible. Street trees further complicate the flow and dispersion. Notwithstanding the surface roughness, atmospheric stability controls the concentration levels with higher values under stably stratified inflow. Little traffic emissions are transported to courtyards. The results provide urban planners direct information to reduce air pollution by proper structural layout of perimeter blocks.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Ventilation and Air Quality in City Blocks Using Large-Eddy Simulation—Urban Planning Perspective

et al. 2018

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“…Ces espaces sont marqués par des caractères particuliers, tels que des vitesses de circulation réduites, des ralentissements et redémarrages répé-tés, ainsi que des aménagements urbains infl uençant la concentration des polluants : des rues plutôt étroites bordées de bâtiments assez hauts, de larges boulevards, des places et des carrefours. Les premières sont reconnues comme étant plutôt propices à la concentration de la pollution quand elles ne sont pas orientées dans la direction du vent dominant, les substances polluantes ayant tendance à s'accumuler au niveau des voies de circulation (Xiaomin et al ., 2006). Toutes ces conditions génèrent une présence plus marquée de la pollution, notamment dans des conditions atmosphériques stables.…”

Section: Une Pollution Atmosphérique Fortement Dépendante De L'évolutunclassified

Les déplacements urbains et la pollution de l’air dans des villes intermédiaires : enjeux politiques et environnementaux

Glandus¹,

Beltrando²

2013

norois

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“…Luria et al (1990) showed that mid-road average concentrations were about 3-4 times higher than those observed at the sidewalk, and that no significant correlation could be found between the mid-road pollution levels and the wind speed and wind direction at the roof level. The study conducted by Xiaomin et al (2006) indicated that there is a strong influence of the street layout on the wind field and the pollutant dispersion in the street canyon mainly depends on the vortex structure in the canyon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of vehicular pollutants in street canyons of Varanasi, India: a different case

Prajapati¹,

Tripathi²,

Pathak³

2008

Environ Monit Assess

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In present study horizontal and vertical distribution of traffic-related pollutants (CO and SO(2)) within the street canyons in (CO and SO(2)) Varanasi, India was monitored. The results showed that average horizontal profiles of traffic-related pollutant concentrations within street canyon at leeward side were approximately same as that of windward side. However, the vertical concentration of both the pollutants decreases with height above the ground and study indicated that CO and SO(2) concentrations at different heights below the roof showed clear vertical self-gradient. CO and SO(2) concentration decreased with height and the minimum value occurred at the roof. It was concluded from the observed results that pollutants from vehicular exhaust emissions in the street canyon of Varanasi were evenly distributed. This result may be due to the fact that wind vortices are not formed. Therefore, urban planners can use this type of streets so that there is proper ventilation and dispersal of pollutants.

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The impact of urban street layout on local atmospheric environment

Cited by 145 publications

References 17 publications

Ventilation and Air Quality in City Blocks Using Large-Eddy Simulation—Urban Planning Perspective

Ventilation and Air Quality in City Blocks Using Large-Eddy Simulation—Urban Planning Perspective

Les déplacements urbains et la pollution de l’air dans des villes intermédiaires : enjeux politiques et environnementaux

Distribution of vehicular pollutants in street canyons of Varanasi, India: a different case

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