“…Studies have also found IBL to facilitate deep learning (Lee et al, 2012), improve examination performance (Brown, 2010), strengthen learner satisfaction (Hermiz et al, 2011), and encourage higher levels of engagement and interest in the discipline (Meuler, 2008). Looking more broadly to IBL within science contexts, IBL has been found to facilitate the development of critical thinking skills (Inouye and Flannelley, 1998;Magnussen et al, 2000;Holaday and Buckley, 2008), independent problem-solving abilities (Madill et al, 2001), and collaboration abilities (Feletti, 1993;Inouye and Flannelley, 1998).…”