The impact of the speed of food intake on gastroesophageal reflux events in obese female patients

Abstract

Obesity increases the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The majority of the reflux attacks occur postprandially. The influence of the speed of food intake on gastroesophageal reflux events is unclear in obese patients. To determine the influence of the speed of food intake on intraesophageal reflux events in obese patients with and without GERD. A total of 26 obese female patients were recruited. The patients underwent esophageal manometry to evaluate the upper limit of the lower esophageal sphincter and subsequently placement of a Multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH (MII-pH) catheter. All patients were asked to eat the same standard meal (double cheeseburger, 1 banana, 100 g yogurt and 200 mL water; total energy value, 744 kcal; 37.6% carbohydrates, 21.2% proteins and 41.2% lipids) within 5 or 30 minutes under observation in a random order on two consecutive days. All reflux episodes over a 3-hour postprandial period were manually analyzed and compared. The mean age was 46 ± 12 (18-66) years. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 39.9 ± 8.4 kg/m2. There was no difference between the fast- and slow-eating group in the number of refluxes within the 3-postprandial hours. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the 24-hour MII-pH monitoring results, that is, 16 subjects with normal MII-pH monitoring and 10 patients with pathologic MII-pH monitoring. There was no effect of the speed of food intake in either the patients with or without GERD. In contrast to the general belief, this study suggested that the speed of food intake does not influence the number of refluxes in obese female patients with or without GERD.

A study on high sensitive C-Reactive protein as a diagnostic marker in preschool asthmatics

“…In the contrary BMI has been established as a risk factor in a previous study by Bor S & Erdogan A. 9 This might be ascribed to the preschool age group & in our study subjects which mostly belongs to low socioeconomic status, there are very few obese children due to poverty & malnutrition.…”

Correlations of severity of asthma in children with body mass index, adiponectin and leptin

“…Due to the excessive accumulation of fat in the soft tissue around the upper respiratory tract of obese patients, intensive driving force is needed when the air is exhaled out of the body through the airway, and such driving force will result in airway wall vibration, thereby leading to asthma. 17 In this study, it was found that the adiponectin level was lower in 18 Adiponectin is a kind of endogenous anti-inflammatory bioactive polypeptide secreted by adipocytes, which regulates oxidative stress and resists inflammation in the body. It is revealed that adiponectin produces asthma symptoms mainly through the oxidative stress pathway, and its declining level will aggravate the asthma.…”

“…Studies have also found that if acidic food reflows into the airway, there will be bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Due to the excessive accumulation of fat in the soft tissue around the upper respiratory tract of obese patients, intensive driving force is needed when the air is exhaled out of the body through the airway, and such driving force will result in airway wall vibration, thereby leading to asthma …”

The Efficacy of Dietary Interventions in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Intervention Studies

“…A single-blinded RCT study comparing dietary supplements (melatonin, vitamins, and amino acids) and a daily regimen of 20 mg omeprazole showed a significant reduction in GERD symptoms in the dietary supplement group (100% in the dietary supplement group vs. 65.7% in the omeprazole group, p = 0.001). The efficacy of the treatment in this study, however, was the time taken (in days) for the patient to achieve their first 24 h without GERD symptoms and 90% of patients reported somnolence in the dietary supplement group [21]. The effect of eating a curry meal on GERD was evaluated in 25 NERD patients post 400 mL and 800 mL of curry ingestion, resulting in a significant increase in the amount of time taken to reach pH < 4 at 4 h from 5.8 ± 1.4 to 15.3 ± 3.1 (p < 0.001).…”