The impact of the rhizobia–legume symbiosis on host root system architecture

Concha, Cristobal; Doerner, Peter

doi:10.1093/jxb/eraa198

Cited by 50 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…Locally, the number of developing nodules is controlled through ethylene signalling pathway, restricting the initiation of nodule primordia to cortical cells close to xylem poles (Heidstra et al ., 1997), and through nitrate‐induced signalling peptides of the CLAVATA (CLV)/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION (ESR)‐RELATED PROTEIN (CLE) (Mortier et al ., 2010; Saur et al ., 2011). A particular class of these small signalling CLE peptides, induced by rhizobia infection, controls also systemic regulation of nodulation (Concha and Doerner, 2020; Djordjevic et al ., 2015; Mortier et al ., 2010). CLE peptides move as a long‐distance signals from roots to shoots where specifically interact with shoot receptors, such as leucine‐rich‐repeat receptor SUPER NUMERIC NODULES (SUNN) in M .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of alfalfa SIMK promotes root hair growth, nodule clustering and shoot biomass production

Hrbáčková

Luptovčiak

Hlaváčková

et al. 2020

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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Summary Nitrogen‐fixing rhizobia and legumes have developed complex mutualistic mechanism that allows to convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia. Signalling by mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) seems to be involved in this symbiotic interaction. Previously, we reported that stress‐induced MAPK (SIMK) shows predominantly nuclear localization in alfalfa root epidermal cells. Nevertheless, SIMK is activated and relocalized to the tips of growing root hairs during their development. SIMK kinase (SIMKK) is a well‐known upstream activator of SIMK. Here, we characterized production parameters of transgenic alfalfa plants with genetically manipulated SIMK after infection with Sinorhizobium meliloti. SIMKK RNAi lines, causing strong downregulation of both SIMKK and SIMK, showed reduced root hair growth and lower capacity to form infection threads and nodules. In contrast, constitutive overexpression of GFP‐tagged SIMK promoted root hair growth as well as infection thread and nodule clustering. Moreover, SIMKK and SIMK downregulation led to decrease, while overexpression of GFP‐tagged SIMK led to increase of biomass in above‐ground part of plants. These data suggest that genetic manipulations causing downregulation or overexpression of SIMK affect root hair, nodule and shoot formation patterns in alfalfa, and point to the new biotechnological potential of this MAPK.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of alfalfa SIMK promotes root hair growth, nodule clustering and shoot biomass production

Hrbáčková

Luptovčiak

Hlaváčková

et al. 2020

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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“…Rooting profiles for legumes with increased proportions of deeper roots under drought, e.g., below 23-30 cm, have been reported (Benjamin & Nielsen, 2006;Purushothaman et al, 2017), although different responses in root growth to drought were found among different varieties (Kashiwagi et al, 2006;Kumar et al, 2012;Purushothaman et al, 2017). The architecture of legume root systems is strongly affected by rhizobia, which typically find better living conditions in terms of oxygen and nitrogen concentrations higher up in the soil profile than at greater depths (Concha & Doerner, 2020), also in dry soils. Moreover, barley grown under drought conditions has been reported to develop proportionally more shallow roots (0-20 cm depth) relative to deeper soil depths (Carvalho et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water uptake patterns of pea and barley responded to drought but not to cropping systems

Sun

Klaus

Wittwer

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Agricultural production is under threat of water scarcity due to increasingly frequent and severe drought events under climate change. Whether a change in cropping systems can be used as an effective adaptation strategy against drought is still unclear. We investigated how plant water uptake patterns of a field-grown pea-barley (Pisum sativum L. and Hordeum vulgare L.) mixture, an important fodder crop, responded to experimental drought under four cropping systems, i.e., organic intensive tillage, conventional intensive tillage, conventional no-tillage, and organic reduced tillage. Drought was simulated after crop establishment using rain shelters. Proportional contributions to plant water uptake from different soil layers were estimated based on stable water isotopes using Bayesian mixing models. Pea plants always took up proportionally more water from shallower depths than barley plants. Water uptake patterns of neither species were affected by cropping systems. Both species showed similar responses to the drought simulation and increased their proportional contributions from shallow soil layer (0–20 cm) in all cropping systems. Our results highlight the impact of drought on plant water uptake patterns for two important crop species and suggest that cropping systems might not be as successful as adaptation strategies against drought as previously thought.

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“…A striking observation was that the isolate B3 was more efficient in phosphate solubilization in the culture media than CIAT899. This is an essential feature for rhizobia application, although its contribution to plant performance is less investigated (Concha and Doerner, 2020).…”

Section: Symbiotic Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of High-Efficiency Rhizobia From Western Kenya Nodulating With Common Bean

2021

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Common bean is one of the primary protein sources in third-world countries. They form nodules with nitrogen-fixing rhizobia, which have to be adapted to the local soils. Commercial rhizobial strains such as Rhizobium tropici CIAT899 are often used in agriculture. However, this strain failed to significantly increase the common bean yield in many places, including Kenya, due to the local soils’ low pH. We isolated two indigenous rhizobial strains from the nodules of common bean from two fields in Western Kenya that have never been exposed to commercial inocula. We then determined their ability to fix nitrogen in common beans, solubilize phosphorus, and produce indole acetic acid. In greenhouse experiments, common bean plants inoculated with two isolates, B3 and S2 in sterile vermiculite, performed better than those inoculated with CIAT899 or plants grown with nitrogen fertilizer alone. In contrast to CIAT899, both isolates grew in the media with pH 4.8. Furthermore, isolate B3 had higher phosphate solubilization ability and produced more indole acetic acid than the other two rhizobia. Genome analyses revealed that B3 and S2 are different strains of Rhizobium phaseoli. We recommend fieldwork studies in Kenyan soils to test the efficacy of the two isolates in the natural environment in an effort to produce inoculants specific for these soils.

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The impact of the rhizobia–legume symbiosis on host root system architecture

Cited by 50 publications

References 152 publications

Overexpression of alfalfa SIMK promotes root hair growth, nodule clustering and shoot biomass production

Overexpression of alfalfa SIMK promotes root hair growth, nodule clustering and shoot biomass production

Water uptake patterns of pea and barley responded to drought but not to cropping systems

Isolation and Characterization of High-Efficiency Rhizobia From Western Kenya Nodulating With Common Bean

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