The impact of retro-cue validity on working memory representation: Evidence from electroencephalograms

Fu, Xueying; C, Ye; Hu, Zhonghua; Li, Ziyuan; Liang, Tengfei; Liu, Qiang

doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108320

Cited by 14 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…The alpha oscillatory activity has been thought to index the deployment of visual attention (23,52) and feature integration (53). Confirming enhanced representation of target space by valid retro-cue in multivariate pattern analysis, we also found larger alpha desynchronization over the parieto-occipital cortex after valid retro-cue, which is consistent with previous studies (21,22,54). Our findings indicated that alpha power shaped the information flow held in WM and modulated the priority of the cued object gated by enhancing spatial attention representation and binding different features.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted August 27, 2022. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.08.26.505307 doi: bioRxiv preprint which is consistent with previous studies (21,22,54). Our findings indicated that alpha power shaped the information flow held in WM and modulated the priority of the cued object gated by enhancing spatial attention representation and binding different features.…”

Section: Organizing Retrospective Attention In Visual Wm Through Cloc...supporting

confidence: 91%

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Tracking neural correlates of prioritizing working memory representations through retrospective attentional strengthening

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Previous work has proposed two potentials benefits of retrospective attention on working memory (WM): target strengthening and non-target inhibition. It remains unknown which hypothesis contributes to the improved WM performance, yet the neural mechanisms responsible for this attentional benefit are unclear. Here, we recorded electroencephalography (EEG) signals while 33 participants performed a retrospective-cue WM task. Multivariate pattern classification analysis revealed that only representations of target features were enhanced by valid retrospective attention during the retention, supporting the target strengthening hypothesis. Further univariate analysis found that mid-frontal theta inter-trial phase coherence (ITPC) and ERP components were modulated by valid retrospective attention and correlated with individual differences and moment-to-moment fluctuations on behavioral outcomes, suggesting that both trait- and state-level variability in attentional preparatory processes influence goal-directed behavior. Furthermore, task-irrelevant target spatial location could be decoded from EEG signals, indicating that enhanced spatial binding of target representation promotes high WM precision. Importantly, frontoparietal theta-alpha phase-amplitude-coupling was increased by valid retrospective attention and predicted the reduced randomly guessing rates. This long-range connection supported top-down information flow in engagement of frontoparietal networks, which might organize attentional states to integrate target features. Altogether, these results provide neurophysiological bases that retrospective attention improves WM precision through enhancing representation of target and emphasize the critical role of frontoparietal attentional network in the control of WM representations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Organizing Retrospective Attention In Visual Wm Through Cloc...supporting

confidence: 91%

Tracking neural correlates of prioritizing working memory representations through retrospective attentional strengthening

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Finally, the trials in which amplitude values exceeding ±75 μV were obtained for any electrode were excluded from the analysis. The channels and time windows for the analyses were selected on the basis of the literature regarding developmental samples (Wessel, 2018;Rico-Picó et al, 2021;Fu et al, 2022). Imperative No-go stimuli typically produce a negative deflection in the ERP around 200-300 milliseconds, the N2, that is maximal over fronto-central regions (Van Veen and Carter, 2002).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Improving fluid intelligence of children through working memory training: The role of inhibition control

Wang

Ang²,

Chang³

et al. 2022

Front. Psychol.

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Intelligence is strongly associated with working memory. Working memory training can improve fluid intelligence, but the underlying mechanism requires further investigation. Because inhibition control may play a key role in working memory training, this study investigated this process from an electrophysiological perspective. In total, 40 children aged 9 to 11 years were enrolled and randomly divided into a training group (n = 20) and a control group (n = 20). The training group received 20 days of working memory training, whereas the control group did not receive any training. Before and after the training period, all participants were tested using Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices (RSPM), and electrophysiological indicators were recorded while they performed go/no-go and Stroop tasks. The results revealed that relative to the control group, the training group had significantly improved RSPM scores in the test conducted after their training. For the go/no-go tasks, the training group exhibited a significant decrease in N2 amplitude, a significant increase in P3 amplitude, a significant decrease in theta band energy, and an improvement in response inhibition ability. No significant change was observed for the Stroop task. Correlation analysis revealed that an improvement in individual response inhibition can positively predict an improvement in fluid intelligence. These results suggest that working memory training enhances the fluid intelligence of children by enhancing their response inhibition ability.

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“…This phenomenon is known as the object-based retro-cue benefit (RCB). The object-based RCB is stable across different stimulus types (Griffin & Nobre, 2003;Landman et al, 2003), spatial configurations (Fu et al, 2022;Kuo et al, 2012), timing parameters during the retention interval (Makovski et al, 2008;Schneider et al, 2016;, and various VWM tasks (Arnicane & Souza, 2021;Griffin & Nobre, 2003). The prioritization of retro-cued object representations in VWM has also been supported by evidence from ERP research, which has shown a smaller amplitude for the contralateral delay activity (CDA, an EEG component that decreases in amplitude as the number of representations currently being held in VWM decreases) after a valid retro-cue than after a neutral one (Kuo et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustained Attention Required for Effective Dimension-Based Retro-Cue Benefit in Visual Working Memory

Liu¹,

Guo²,

Zhou³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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In visual working memory (VWM) tasks, participants’ performances can be improved using dimension-based retro-cues, which direct internal attention to prioritize a particular dimension (e.g., color or orientation) of VWM representations during the maintenance stage after the stimuli disappear. This phenomenon is called the dimension-based retro-cue benefit (RCB). The present study investigated whether the dimension-based RCB requires sustained attention to prioritize information by inserting interference between the retro-cue and the test array to distract the sustained attention. The experiments tested the influence of perceptual or cognitive interference on dimension-based RCB when the interference appeared at the VWM maintenance stage or attentional deployment stage (Exp. 1: masks appeared at the VWM maintenance stage; Exp. 2: masks appeared at the attentional deployment stage; Exp.3: an odd-even interference task appeared at the VWM maintenance stage). We found that the dimension-based RCB was attenuated by perceptual interference (masks) or cognitive interference (odd-even interference task). Our results suggest that sustained attention is needed for effective prioritization of a particular dimension of VWM representations.

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The impact of retro-cue validity on working memory representation: Evidence from electroencephalograms

Cited by 14 publications

References 76 publications

Tracking neural correlates of prioritizing working memory representations through retrospective attentional strengthening

Tracking neural correlates of prioritizing working memory representations through retrospective attentional strengthening

Improving fluid intelligence of children through working memory training: The role of inhibition control

Sustained Attention Required for Effective Dimension-Based Retro-Cue Benefit in Visual Working Memory

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