The Impact of Resistance Exercise on the Cognitive Function of the Elderly

Cassilhas, Ricardo Cardoso; Viana, Valter A. Rocha; Grassmann, Viviane; Santos, Ronaldo Vagner Thomatieli dos; Santos, R. F.; Tufik, Sérgio; Mello, Marco Túlio de

doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e318060111f

Cited by 616 publications

(533 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In other populations, improvement of quality of life outcomes have been observed in non-schizophrenic subjects who performed 6 months of resistance exercise. 15 In addition to the psychiatric and quality of life benefits, higher muscle strength was demonstrated after both exercise programs (resistance and concurrent), as revealed by the 1RM test. Muscle strength maintenance is the basis for preserving functionality and independence in activities of daily living.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In line with these results, Krogh et al recently found no changes in BDNF or IGF-1 in patients with major depression exposed to a 3-month aerobic exercise intervention. 42 Other studies have also shown that resistance training does not increase serum concentrations of BDNF 43,44 but increases IGF-1 15 and that aerobic training increases serum BDNF. 45,46 However, we found that BDNF and IGF-1 remained the same throughout the study period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…No more than three subsequent attempts were made, with 3-minute intervals between them. 15 With regard to aerobic training, patients from the CONCEX group were assigned a progressive load test on a Life Fitness 9700HR treadmill. The protocol adopted for this test consisted of increasing speed by 1 km/h per minute from 4 km/h until a voluntary exhaustion maximum.…”

Section: Exercise Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 Cassilhas et al reported improvements in cognitive function, mood profile, anxiety, and quality of life among older adults after 6 months of resistance training. 15,16 In addition to resistance training, previous studies of patients with schizophrenia have used a combination of aerobic and resistance exercises in the same session, which is known as concurrent exercise. 5,17,18 Marzolini et al examined concurrent exercise twice a week for 12 weeks among patients with schizophrenia and found that this type of training improves general mental health and generally increases muscle strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A 20-week program of resistance or concurrent exercise improves symptoms of schizophrenia: results of a blind, randomized controlled trial

Silva

Cassilhas

Àttux

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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Objective: To evaluate the effects of 20 weeks of resistance and concurrent training on psychotic and depressive symptoms, quality of life outcomes, and serum IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations in patients with schizophrenia. Methods: In this blind, randomized controlled clinical trial, 34 patients with schizophrenia were assigned to one of three groups: control (CTRL, n=13), resistance exercise (RESEX, n=12), or concurrent exercise (CONCEX, n=9). Symptoms, quality of life, strength, and other variables were assessed. Results: A significant time-by-group interaction was found for the RESEX and CONCEX groups on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score for disease symptoms (p = 0.007), positive symptoms (p = 0.003), and on the arm extension one-repetition maximum (1RM) test (p = 0.016). In addition, significant improvements on negative symptoms (p = 0.027), on the role-physical domain of the Short Form-36 Health Survey (p = 0.019), and on the chest press 1RM test (p = 0.040) were observed in the RESEX group. No changes were observed for the other variables investigated. Conclusions: In this sample of patients with schizophrenia, 20 weeks of resistance or concurrent exercise program improved disease symptoms, strength, and quality of life. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01674543.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Exercise Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A 20-week program of resistance or concurrent exercise improves symptoms of schizophrenia: results of a blind, randomized controlled trial

Silva

Cassilhas

Àttux

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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“…Positive associations between CRF/physical activity and RAVLT performance have been reported (Boots et al., 2014; Pizzie et al., 2014; Zhu et al., 2014) while others studies did not observe such associations (Maass et al., 2015; Varma et al., 2015). Randomized controlled trials provide evidence that aerobic exercise (Klusmann et al., 2010) and resistance exercise (Cassilhas et al., 2007) training can improve episodic memory in cognitively healthy older adults. Additionally, changes in physical activity/CRF following an exercise intervention have been positively associated with episodic memory performance (Maass et al., 2015; Ruscheweyh et al., 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness, hippocampal volume, and episodic memory in a population at risk for Alzheimer's disease

et al. 2017

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IntroductionCardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been shown to be related to brain health in older adults. In individuals at risk for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD), CRF may be a modifiable risk factor that could attenuate anticipated declines in brain volume and episodic memory. The objective of this study was to determine the association between CRF and both hippocampal volume and episodic memory in a cohort of cognitively healthy older adults with familial and/or genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsEighty‐six enrollees from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention participated in this study. Participants performed a graded maximal exercise test, underwent a T‐1 anatomical magnetic resonance imaging scan, and completed the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT).ResultsThere were no significant relationships between CRF and HV or RAVLT memory scores for the entire sample. When the sample was explored on the basis of gender, CRF was significantly associated with hippocampal volume for women. For men, significant positive associations were observed between CRF and RAVLT memory scores.SummaryThese results suggest that CRF may be protective against both hippocampal volume and episodic memory decline in older adults at risk for AD, but that the relationships may be gender specific.

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Effects of the DASH Diet Alone and in Combination With Exercise and Weight Loss on Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Biomarkers in Men and Women With High Blood Pressure

Blumenthal¹

2010

Arch Intern Med

490

367

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Background Although the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet has been shown to lower blood pressure (BP) in short-term feeding studies, it has not been shown to lower BP among free-living individuals, nor has it been shown to alter cardiovascular biomarkers of risk. Objective To compare the DASH diet alone or combined with a weight management program with usual diet controls among participants with prehypertension or stage 1 hypertension (systolic BP, 130–159 mm Hg; or diastolic BP, 85–99 mm Hg). Design and Setting Randomized, controlled trial in a tertiary care medical center with assessments at baseline and 4 months. Enrollment began October 29, 2003, and ended July 28, 2008. Participants Overweight or obese, unmedicated outpatients with high BP (N = 144). Interventions Usual diet controls, DASH diet alone, and DASH diet plus weight management. Outcome Measures The main outcome measure is BP measured in the clinic and by ambulatory BP monitoring. Secondary outcomes included pulse wave velocity, flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery, baroreflex sensitivity, and left ventricular mass. Results Clinic-measured BP was reduced by 16.1/9.9 mm Hg (DASH plus weight management); 11.2/7.5 mm (DASH alone); and 3.4/3.8 mm (usual diet controls) (P < .001). A similar pattern was observed for ambulatory BP (P < .05). Greater improvement was noted for DASH plus weight management compared with DASH alone for pulse wave velocity, baroreflex sensitivity, and left ventricular mass (all P < .05). Conclusion For overweight or obese persons with above-normal BP, the addition of exercise and weight loss to the DASH diet resulted in even larger BP reductions, greater improvements in vascular and autonomic function, and reduced left ventricular mass. Key words: Hypertension, Exercise, DASH diet, Blood pressure, Left ventricular mass

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The Impact of Resistance Exercise on the Cognitive Function of the Elderly

Abstract: Moderate- and high-intensity resistance exercise programs had equally beneficial effects on cognitive functioning.

Cited by 616 publications

References 20 publications

A 20-week program of resistance or concurrent exercise improves symptoms of schizophrenia: results of a blind, randomized controlled trial

A 20-week program of resistance or concurrent exercise improves symptoms of schizophrenia: results of a blind, randomized controlled trial

Relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness, hippocampal volume, and episodic memory in a population at risk for Alzheimer's disease

Effects of the DASH Diet Alone and in Combination With Exercise and Weight Loss on Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Biomarkers in Men and Women With High Blood Pressure

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