Relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness, hippocampal volume, and episodic memory in a population at risk for Alzheimer's disease

Dougherty, Ryan J.; Schultz, Stephanie A.; Boots, Elizabeth A.; Ellingson, Laura D.; Meyer, Jacob D.; Riper, Stephanie Van; Stegner, Aaron J.; Edwards, Dorothy Farrar; Oh, Jennifer M.; Einerson, Jean; Korcarz, Claudia E.; Koscik, Rebecca L.; Dowling, N. Maritza; Gallagher, Catherine L.; Carlsson, Cynthia M.; Rowley, Howard A.; Bendlin, Barbara B.; Asthana, Sanjay; Hermann, Bruce P.; Sager, Mark A.; Stein, James H.; Johnson, Sterling C.; Okonkwo, Ozioma C.; Cook, Dane B.

doi:10.1002/brb3.625

Cited by 53 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…A practical implication of V̇O 2peak measurement error in the oldest adults of a given study sample is misrepresentation of relationships between CRF and brain health outcomes; relationships which may be better explained by age. In our previous work that employed a smaller sample, we demonstrated that participants who did not satisfy peak effort criteria were statistically older ( d = .69; p < .05), displayed poorer episodic memory ( d = .50; p < .05), and had non-significant smaller hippocampal volumes ( d = .42; p = .06) than those who satisfied criteria [36]. As expected, age was significantly and negatively associated with both outcomes of interest, memory and hippocampal volume.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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An Objective Method to Accurately Measure Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Older Adults Who Cannot Satisfy Widely Used Oxygen Consumption Criteria

Dougherty

Lindheimer

Stegner

et al. 2017

JAD

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Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is routinely investigated in older adults; however, the most appropriate CRF measure to use for this population has received inadequate attention. This study aimed to (i) evaluate the reliability and validity of the oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) as a sub-maximal measurement of CRF, (ii) examine demographic, risk-factor, and exercise testing differences in older adults who satisfied standardized criteria for a peak oxygen consumption (V̇O2peak) test compared to those who did not and (iii) determine the difference between directly measured V̇O2peak values and OUES-predicted V̇O2peak values. One hundred ten enrollees from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer’s Prevention participated in this study. Participants performed a graded maximal exercise test and wore an accelerometer for 7 days. For each participant, the OUES was calculated at 75%, 90% and 100% of exercise duration. V̇O2peak was recorded at peak effort, and one week of physical activity behavior was measured. OUES values calculated at separate relative exercise durations displayed excellent reliability (ICC=.995; p<.001), and were strongly correlated with V̇O2peak (rrange=.801–.909; p<.001). As hypothesized, participants who did not satisfy V̇O2peak criteria were significantly older than those who satisfied criteria (p=.049) and attained a directly measured V̇O2peak that was 2.31 mL·kg·min−1 less than the value that was predicted by OUES V̇O2peak (p=.003). Older adults are less likely to satisfy V̇O2peak criteria, which results in an underestimation of their CRF. Without adhering to standardized criteria, V̇O2peak measurement error may lead to misinterpretation of CRF and age-related associations. Here, we conclude that OUES is a reliable, valid measurement of CRF which does not require achievement of standardized criteria.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…no specified criteria)[12, 32, 33], using one physiological variable (i.e. HR, RER)[13, 34, 35], or reporting some combination of variables [14, 36, 37]. For this project, we chose the ACSM guidelines because they provide an empirically established standard for CRF testing [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Objective Method to Accurately Measure Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Older Adults Who Cannot Satisfy Widely Used Oxygen Consumption Criteria

Dougherty

Lindheimer

Stegner

et al. 2017

JAD

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“…Research demonstrates that physical activity is associated with enhanced memory function (Crush & Loprinzi, ; Frith, Sng, & Loprinzi, ; Loprinzi, Edwards, & Frith, ; Loprinzi & Kane, ; Sng, Frith, & Loprinzi, ), with fewer studies examining the effects of cardiorespiratory fitness on memory function (Dougherty et al., ; Hayes, Hayes, Cadden, & Verfaellie, ). Specific focus on cardiorespiratory fitness is warranted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of cardiorespiratory fitness on interhemispheric hippocampal and parahippocampal functional connectivity

Ikuta

Loprinzi

2019

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Interhemispheric functional connectivity is associated with cognitive functioning. Although previous work has evaluated the association of cardiorespiratory fitness on cognitive function, there has been a limited investigation of the association of cardiorespiratory fitness on the functional connectivity of memory‐related brain structures. As such, the objective of this study was to examine the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and parahippocampal and hippocampal interhemispheric functional connectivity. Data from the Nathan Kline Institute‐Rockland Sample (NKI‐RS) were utilized. Our analysis consisted of 284 participants (Mage = 43 years; 62% female). Cardiorespiratory fitness was objectively measured using a cycle ergometer protocol. Parahippocampal and hippocampal interhemispheric functional connectivity were assessed from fMRI. Higher cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with greater parahippocampal (β = 0.004; CI, 0.00009 to 0.008, p = 0.04), but not hippocampal (β = 0.001; CI, −0.002 to 0.005, p = 0.44) interhemispheric functional connectivity. In conclusion, enhanced cardiorespiratory fitness may facilitate parahippocampal interhemispheric functional connectivity.

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“…Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), an index of habitual physical activity, has been associated with preserved cognitive function and brain structure in older adults [ 10 , 20 , 21 , 25 , 27 , 38 ]. It has also been associated with a lower risk of dementia in the elderly [ 14 , 18 , 46 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiorespiratory fitness attenuates age-associated aggregation of white matter hyperintensities in an at-risk cohort

et al. 2018

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BackgroundAge is the cardinal risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and white matter hyperintensities (WMH), which are more prevalent with increasing age, may contribute to AD. Higher cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been shown to be associated with cognitive health and decreased burden of AD-related brain alterations in older adults. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to determine whether CRF attenuates age-related accumulation of WMH in middle-aged adults at risk for AD.MethodsOne hundred and seven cognitively unimpaired, late-middle-aged adults from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer’s Prevention underwent 3 T magnetic resonance imaging and performed graded maximal treadmill exercise testing from which we calculated the oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) as our measure of CRF. Total WMH were quantified using the Lesion Segmentation Tool and scaled to intracranial volume. Linear regression adjusted for APOE4 carriage, family history, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and sex was used to examine relationships between age, WMH, and CRF.ResultsAs expected, there was a significant association between age and WMH (p < .001). Importantly, there was a significant interaction between age and OUES on WMH (p = .015). Simple main effects analyses revealed that the effect of age on WMH remained significant in the Low OUES group (p < .001) but not in the High OUES group (p = .540), indicating that higher CRF attenuates the deleterious age association with WMH.ConclusionsHigher CRF tempers the adverse effect of age on WMH. This suggests a potential pathway through which increased aerobic fitness facilitates healthy brain aging, especially among individuals at risk for AD.

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Relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness, hippocampal volume, and episodic memory in a population at risk for Alzheimer's disease

Cited by 53 publications

References 78 publications

An Objective Method to Accurately Measure Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Older Adults Who Cannot Satisfy Widely Used Oxygen Consumption Criteria

An Objective Method to Accurately Measure Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Older Adults Who Cannot Satisfy Widely Used Oxygen Consumption Criteria

Association of cardiorespiratory fitness on interhemispheric hippocampal and parahippocampal functional connectivity

Cardiorespiratory fitness attenuates age-associated aggregation of white matter hyperintensities in an at-risk cohort

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