The impact of reaction rate on the formation of flow-driven confined precipitate patterns

Balog, Edina; Papp, Paszkál; Tóth, Ágota; Horváth, Dezsö; Schuszter, Gábor

doi:10.1039/d0cp01036g

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…At present, we cannot predict precisely how fluid flow affects the mineralogy, crystal structure, and polymorph selection of precipitates. This is an active area of research (Balog et al, 2020;Nakouzi & Steinbock, 2016;Rauscher et al, 2018;Ziemecka et al, 2019) and we hope that future work will provide an enhanced understanding of how much the fluid flow has influenced the formation of the minerals found here. One notable aspect of one sample shown in Figure 5 is the helicoidal structure seen in the wall.…”

Section: Structure Of Field Samplesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Formation and Structures of Horizontal Submarine Fluid Conduit and Venting Systems Associated With Marine Seeps

Rocha

Gutiérrez-Ariza

Pimentel

et al. 2021

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Methane-rich water moves through conduits beneath the seafloor whose surfaces are formed through precipitation reactions. To understand how such submarine fluid conduit and venting systems form and grow, we develop a detailed mathematical model for this reaction-advection system and we quantify the evolution of an ensemble of similar filaments. We show that this growth can be described by a superposition of advection and dispersion. We analyze analog laboratory experiments of chemical-garden type to study the growth of a single filament undergoing a precipitation reaction with the surrounding environment. We apply these findings to geological fluid conduit and venting systems, showing that their irregular trajectories can lead to very effective spreading within the surrounding seabed, thus enhancing contact and exchanges of chemicals between the conduit and external fluids. We discuss how this methane venting leads to the formation of marine authigenic carbonate rocks, and for confirmation, we analyze two field samples from the Gulf of Cadiz for composition and mineralogy of the precipitates. We note the implications of this work for hydrate melting and methane escape from the seabed.

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Section: Structure Of Field Samplesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Formation and Structures of Horizontal Submarine Fluid Conduit and Venting Systems Associated With Marine Seeps

Rocha

Gutiérrez-Ariza

Pimentel

et al. 2021

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…Numerous reactant combinations and experimental settings produce chemical gardens or similar chemobrionic structures. − Specific examples include reactions of metal ions with sulfides, carbonates, phosphates, and borates as well as processes yielding polyoxometalates and organic gels. − Today, many experiments employ solutions rather than the classic choice of a seed particle. In these studies, one reactant is injected into a larger reservoir containing the second reactant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shape Evolution of Precipitate Membranes in Flow Systems

et al. 2023

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Chemical gardens are macroscopic structures that form when a salt seed is submerged in an alkaline solution. Their thin precipitate membranes separate the reactant partners and slow down the approach toward equilibrium. During this stage, a gradual thickening occurs, which is driven by steep cross-membrane gradients and governed by selective ion transport. We study these growth dynamics in microfluidic channels for the case of Ni(OH) 2 membranes. Fast flowing reactant solutions create thickening membranes of a nearly constant width along the channel, whereas slow flows produce wedge-shaped structures that fail to grow along their downstream end. The overall dynamics and shapes are caused by the competition of reactant consumption and transport replenishment. They are reproduced quantitatively by a two-variable reaction−diffusion−advection model which provides kinetic insights into the growth of precipitate membranes.

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“…This injection method allowed the identification of distinct growth regimes as well as systematic measurements of shape parameters and growth speeds in terms of well-defined parameters . It also formed the basis of recent studies that investigated chemical garden growth under spatial confinement created by Hele-Shaw cells, − glass capillaries, and microfluidic channels. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Garden Membranes in Temperature-Controlled Microfluidic Devices

Wang

Steinbock

2021

Langmuir

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Thin-walled tubes that classically form when metal salts react with sodium silicate solution are known as chemical gardens. They share similarities with the porous, catalytic materials in hydrothermal vent chimneys, and both structures are exposed to steep pH gradients that, combined with thermal factors, might have provided the free energy for prebiotic chemistry on early Earth. We report temperature effects on the shape, composition, and opacity of chemical gardens. Tubes grown at high temperature are more opaque, indicating changes to the membrane structure or thickness. To study this dependence, we developed a temperature-controlled microfluidic device, which allows the formation of analogous membranes at the interface of two coflowing reactant solutions. For the case of Ni(OH)2, membranes thicken according to a diffusion-controlled mechanism. In the studied range of 10–40 °C, the effective diffusion coefficient is independent of temperature. This suggests that counteracting processes are at play (including an increased solubility) and that the opacity of chemical garden tubes arises from changes in internal morphology. The latter could be linked to experimentally observed dendritic structures within the membranes.

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The impact of reaction rate on the formation of flow-driven confined precipitate patterns

Abstract: The evolution of different confined precipitation patterns is determined by the ratio of the chemical and hydrodynamic time scales.

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Formation and Structures of Horizontal Submarine Fluid Conduit and Venting Systems Associated With Marine Seeps

Formation and Structures of Horizontal Submarine Fluid Conduit and Venting Systems Associated With Marine Seeps

Shape Evolution of Precipitate Membranes in Flow Systems

Chemical Garden Membranes in Temperature-Controlled Microfluidic Devices

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