The impact of parental attitudes toward children with primary headaches

Ertem, Devrimsel Harika; Bingöl, Ayhan; Ugurcan, Busra; Mercan, Özlem; Şimşek, İsmail; Sağlam, Hanife; Özge, Aynur; Uludüz, Derya

doi:10.1177/1359104519838571

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The findings of these studies support our findings. Ertem et al (15) observed that the authoritarian-repressive behavior pattern was more common in mothers of children with pre-adolescent migraine. These findings correspond to the inadequate control of family behaviors in the parents of children with headaches in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental Anxiety and Its Relationship with Headache in Children

Özdemir¹,

Karagöl²,

ÖNCEL³

et al. 2022

Osmangazi̇ Journal of Medicine

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We aimed to evaluate the anxiety levels of parents of patients visit to pediatric neurology outpatient clinics due to headaches. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was performed involving 154 participants. Participants were divided into a headache group (n = 80) and a control group (n = 74). The State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Family Assessment Scale were used to assess parents' anxiety levels. The mean age of the headache group was 13.4±2.7 years, and the mean age of the control group was 12.2±3.3 years. Females were more common in the headache group compared to the control group (p = 0.017). There were significant differences in the sociodemographic characteristics between the groups. For the headache group, the family assessment scale total score (p = 0.046) from the family assessment scale sub-scores, the behavior control (p = 0.020), and the general functions (p = 0.034) sub-scores were significantly higher than the control group. However, no significant differences were noted with respect to problem solving (p = 0.168), communication (p = 0.520), roles (0.082), emotional reactions (p = 0.654) and showing the required attention level (p=0.943) scores using the STAI I-II (p = 0.509 / p = 0.542). Moreover, the Family Evaluation Scale subscales did not differ significantly between the groups. Childhood headaches can be an indicator of domestic pathology. Accordingly, when considering psychological factors, children with headaches should be evaluated together with familial factors, including physical examinations, laboratory, and imaging studies .

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental Anxiety and Its Relationship with Headache in Children

Özdemir¹,

Karagöl²,

ÖNCEL³

et al. 2022

Osmangazi̇ Journal of Medicine

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“…In the literature there are very few studies that have involved both parents in assessing their child's headache. In a study conducted by Ertem et al both parents were included in assessing headache characteristics, depression, anxiety, and parental attitudes in the pediatric population with episodic migraine (EM), CM, and TTH 15 . In regard to psychological problems, pain intensity had a statistically significant positive correlation in all three groups.…”

Section: The Role Of Parents On Children Headachementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the environmental factors that can affect the onset and maintenance of headaches in children and adolescents, the role of parents’ behavior seems to be relevant, although it has not yet been deeply studied 15 . In fact, elements such as emotional regulation, attachment, and educational styles, and the presence of dysfunctional coping styles and psychopathologies in mothers, can negatively affect headache in children .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Parental Care and Pain in Children With Headache: A Narrative Review

et al. 2020

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Purpose In migraine or primary headache in children, parents play a fundamental role in pain management. For this narrative review, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Psych Info were searched using the terms “parent headache”, “mother/father headache”, “parental impact headache”, “alexithymia parents headache”, “catastrophizing parent headache”, “family headache”, “children parent headache”, and “quality of life family headache”. Articles were chosen for inclusion based on their relevance in to the topic. Overview Several parental and psychological characteristics can influence in children and adolescent headache, such as parental attitudes as oppressive or overprotective; punitive parenting styles; familial psychological symptoms, especially anxiety and depression; catastrophizing about their child’s pain or excessive worry about their child’s headache; inability to express emotions; and feelings that may lead to somatization problems. Discussion Parents’ attitudes and behaviors toward their child’s headache have a strong relation with the severity of headache attacks. Mothers seem to have more influence than fathers on children’s pain and emotional regulation. We suggest that the presence of caregiver‐child transmission of maladaptive coping strategies, arising from difficulties expressing emotion, may lead to incorrect management of headache pain, further facilitating headache chronification.

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“…Studies have shown that parents of chronic migraine patients have higher oppressive-authoritarian attitudes than those of patients with other types of headache [14], and are more sensitive and overprotective regarding their children's health problems [15]. Higher age of patients was associated with negative parenting styles [14,16,17]. Previous studies on the relationship between headache characteristics and parenting attitudes have shown that the ambivalent attachment style was associated with high attack frequency and pain intensity in children with migraine [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…There are few studies on parenting attitudes toward children with migrainous headaches. Studies have shown that parents of chronic migraine patients have higher oppressive-authoritarian attitudes than those of patients with other types of headache [14], and are more sensitive and overprotective regarding their children's health problems [15]. Higher age of patients was associated with negative parenting styles [14,16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Parenting Attitudes by Children and Adolescents with Migraine

et al. 2022

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We aimed to investigate the parenting attitudes reported by patients and their relationships with the characteristics of headaches in children and adolescents with migraine. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of medical records of children and adolescents with migrainous headaches (n=115; 59.1% female; mean age, 11.89±2.00 years). Children evaluated parental attitudes using the Parenting Attitude Test-Youth (PAT-Y), which comprises eight subscales and four newly devised secondary subscales. Headache severity was calculated by the visual analog scale (VAS), monthly frequency (MF), and VAS×MF/4 (VF). The scores of PAT-Y subscales and the correlations between PAT-Y scores and headache severity were analyzed by age group and sex. Scores for children's depression inventory, childhood behavior checklists, and an attention deficit hyperactivity disorder scale were also analyzed. Results: In the elementary school age group, VAS was weakly negatively correlated with the "achievement press" (r=-0.28, P<0.05) and "high expectation" (r=-0.25, P<0.05) attitudes, and VF was weakly negatively correlated with "achievement press" (r=-0.32, P<0.05), "punishment" (r=-0.27, P<0.05), and "high expectation" (r=-0.29, P<0.05). In the middle-school age group, MF and VF were moderately positively correlated with the "achievement press" attitude (r=0.48, P<0.01 and r=0.48, P<0.01, respectively), VF was weakly positively correlated with the "neglectful" attitude(r=0.31, P<0.05), and MF was weakly positively correlated with scores for depression (r=0.29, P<0.05) and internalized problems (r=0.31, P<0.05). Conclusion: Parenting attitudes perceived by children and adolescents with migrainous headaches varied by age, and some parenting attitudes were related to headache severity. Education on age-appropriate parenting attitudes may help cope with migrainous headaches.

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The impact of parental attitudes toward children with primary headaches

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Parental Anxiety and Its Relationship with Headache in Children

Parental Anxiety and Its Relationship with Headache in Children

The Relationship Between Parental Care and Pain in Children With Headache: A Narrative Review

Assessment of Parenting Attitudes by Children and Adolescents with Migraine

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