“…In addition to these altered articulation patterns, children with cleft palate (CP) more commonly employ phonological processes at 3 to 4 years of age compared with noncleft peers (Chapman, 1993). Therefore, it is not surprising that an extensive literature suggests that earlier palatoplasty is associated with more typical speech development (Holdsworth, 1954; Jolleys, 1954; Peet, 1961; Cleveland and Falk, 1970; Evans and Renfrew, 1974; Kaplan et al, 1974; Dorf and Curtin, 1982; Randall et al, 1983; O’Gara and Logemann, 1988; O’Gara et al, 1994; Rohrich et al, 1996; Marrinan et al, 1998; Ysunza et al, 1998; Hardin-Jones and Jones, 2005; De Mey et al, 2006; Chapman et al, 2008; Jackson et al, 2013; Luyten et al, 2014). In the United States, studies such as these have helped to spur the decrease in average age at palatoplasty from 18 to 24 months in the 1970s to 11 months in the 1990s (Peterson-Falzone, 1996).…”