Background-There is a clinical need for bone replacement strategies because of the shortfalls endemic to autologous bone grafting, especially in the pediatric patient population. For the past 25 years, the animal model that has been used to test bone replacement strategies has been the calvarial critical-sized defect (CSD), based on the initial size of the bone defect. This study was undertaken to test the concept of the critical-size in several different models. A review of the theoretical and scientific bases for the CSD was also undertaken.
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