The impact of high speed, high volume traffic axes on brown bears in Slovenia

Kaczensky, Petra; Knauer, Felix; Krze, Blaz; Jonozovic, Marco; Adamič, Miha; Gossow, Hartmut

doi:10.1016/s0006-3207(02)00273-2

Cited by 136 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This impact can also vary at the population level, as was the case of different moose populations in the USA, with WTCs ranging from less than 1% (Belant 1995) to 70% (Schwartz and Bartley 1991) of the estimated population size, or 5% of adult radio-collared animals (n = 204; Modafferi and Becker 1997). For brown bears, it varied from 5% of radio-tracked animals in the USA (n = 43; Waller and Servheen 2005) to 18% in Slovenia (n = 17; Kaczensky et al 2003). The mortality due to collisions with trains affected 5% (n = 21) of the radio-tagged eagle owls (Bubo bubo) in Switzerland, with WTCs being less important than electrocution and cable or car collisions (Schaub et al 2010).…”

Section: Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Railways can also facilitate the movements of some species, as wildlife uses these homogeneous surfaces for travelling faster. This was the case of moose and wolves (Canis lupus) in Canada, and moose and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in Sweden, when snow was very deep (Child 1983;Paquet and Callaghan 1996;Eriksson 2014), of brown bears in Slovenia, when the terrain was steep (Kaczensky et al 2003).…”

Section: Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Railways as Barriers for Wildlife: Current Knowledge

Barrientos

Borda‐de‐Água

2017

Railway Ecology

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In this chapter we provide practical suggestions, together with examples, to identify, monitor and mitigate railway barrier effects on wildlife, as this is considered one of the railways' greatest impacts. Railways can be both physical and behavioral barriers to wildlife movement, as well as disturbance to populations living close to them. Also, mortality is recognized as an important contribution to the barrier effect. However, the consequences of habitat loss, and fragmentation due to railways alone remain largely unexplored. Barrier effects have mainly been mitigated with wildlife passes, with the effectiveness of this tool being one of the most-studied topics in Railway Ecology. Methods formerly employed to monitor pass usage, such as track beds or video-surveillance, are now being replaced by molecular ones. Among the latter methods, genetic fingerprinting allows individual-based approaches, opening the door to population-scale studies. In fact, genetic sampling allows for the assessment of functional connectivity, which is closely linked to successful reproduction and population viability, variables not necessarily coupled with crossing rates. There is strong evidence that railway verges offer new habitats for generalist species and for opportunistic individuals, a point that deserves to be experimentally explored in order to find wildlife-friendly policies. Preventing animals from crossing (e.g., by fencing), should be reserved for collision hotspots, as it increases barrier effects. Instead, it has been shown that warning signals or pole barriers effectively reduce collisions without increasing barrier effects. In this respect, we argue that computer simulations are a promising field to investigate potential impact scenarios. Finally, we present a protocol to guide planners and managers when assessing barrier effects, with emphasis on monitoring and mitigation strategies.

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Section: Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Railways as Barriers for Wildlife: Current Knowledge

Barrientos

Borda‐de‐Água

2017

Railway Ecology

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“…In Montana, USA, 29 grizzly bears were killed on 109 km section of a railway track between 1980 and 2002 (Waller and Servheen 2005), while nine brown bears were killed on the Ljubljana-Trieste railway, Slovenia, between 1992 and 1999 (Kaczensky et al 2003). Train accidents with bears were also reported in the Abruzzo mountains, Italy (Boscagli 1987), and in Croatia, where 70% of all traffic killed bears occurred along the Zagreb-Rijeka railway (Huber et al 1998).…”

Section: Train Accidents With Bearsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Knowledge on Wildlife Mortality in Railways

Santos

Carvalho

2017

Railway Ecology

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Wildlife mortality on roads has received considerable attention in the past years, allowing the collection of abundant data for a wide range of taxonomic groups. On the contrary, studies of wildlife mortality on railway tracks are scarce and have focused primarily on a few large mammals, such as moose and bears. Nevertheless, many species are found as victims of collisions with trains, although certain taxonomic groups, such as amphibians and reptiles, and/or small bodied species are reported infrequently and their mortality is probably underestimated. However, no assessment of population impacts is known for railways.

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“…И други аутори (Kaczensky et al, 2003;Clevenger & Waltho, 2005) наводе да су због мале бројности и великих захтјева за квалитетним стаништем, крупне звијери веома осјетљиве на фрагментацију. Присуство ових врста дивљачи на нашем подручју представља показатељ очувања континуитета газдовања стаништем што и јесте један од главних задатака за очување крупних звијери.…”

Section: изводunclassified

ФРЕКВЕНТНОСТ САОБРАЋАЈА И ПРЕЛАСЦИ МРКОГ МЕДВЈЕДА (Ursus arctos L.) ПРЕКО САОБРАЋАЈНИЦА НА ПОДРУЧЈУ ПЛАНИНЕ РОМАНИЈE

Цинцар¹,

Зубић²,

Тепавац³

2017

GSFUBL

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Мрки медвјед (Ursus arctos L.) има потребе за великим животним простором. Саобраћајницеузрокују фрагментацију његовог станишта што може довести до изолације појединих дијеловапопулације. У раду је анализирана фреквентност саобраћаја као и преласци јединки мркогмедвједа преко саобраћајница на простору планине Романија која је типично станиште мркогмедвједа у Републици Српској. Наши резултати указују да већа фреквенција саобраћаја има зарезултат мањи број прелазака медвјеђе дивљачи преко саобраћајница и обрнуто. За разлику одпојединих држава (Словенија, Хрватска) гдје су саобраћајнице и страдања медвједа на њима,један од најзначајнијих фактора угрожености локалних популација, током наших истраживањаније примјећено страдање усљед прелазака медвједа преко саобраћајница. Иако смртностусљед саобраћаја није уочена, саобраћајнице имају одређени негативан утицај на станиште ипопулацију мрког медвједа на подручју планине Романије.

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The impact of high speed, high volume traffic axes on brown bears in Slovenia

Cited by 136 publications

References 11 publications

Railways as Barriers for Wildlife: Current Knowledge

Railways as Barriers for Wildlife: Current Knowledge

Current Knowledge on Wildlife Mortality in Railways

ФРЕКВЕНТНОСТ САОБРАЋАЈА И ПРЕЛАСЦИ МРКОГ МЕДВЈЕДА (Ursus arctos L.) ПРЕКО САОБРАЋАЈНИЦА НА ПОДРУЧЈУ ПЛАНИНЕ РОМАНИЈE

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