The impact of ethnicity on the lifetime risk of the metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus

Al-Shaer, Moutasim H.; AbuSabha, Hatem

doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.10.063

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…For girls, the obtained 50th and 95th percentile curves were higher than the British ones [20]. It is suggested that the higher percentile values of WC in the current study can be in part due to ethnic differences in body fat patterning and the genetic tendency of Asians to abdominal obesity [2]; in addition current measures are compared with the British data obtained more than 10 years ago, such data have undergone significant changes [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 43%

“…There is abundant documentation in developing countries on the burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) [1]. In addition, it is suggested that Asians have an ethnic predisposition to metabolic syndrome [2]. Interest in childhood precursors to chronic diseases is increasing because it is well documented that both behavioral and biological risk factors of such diseases persist from childhood into adulthood, and that several risk factors are tracking from childhood to adult life [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First Reference Curves of Waist and Hip Circumferences in An Asian Population of Youths: CASPIAN Study

Kelishadi

Gouya

Ardalan

et al. 2007

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics

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The Objective of the present study is to develop the first age- and gender-specific reference curves for waist and hip circumferences in an Asian population of youths. This cross-sectional population survey was conducted in 2003-04 on a nationally representative sample of 21111 school-students living in urban (84.6%) and rural (15.4%) areas of 23 provinces in Iran. After anthropometric measurements, smoothed reference curves for waist and hip circumference (WC, HiC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were developed by the LMS method. In both genders, WC and HiC percentile values increased with age. For girls, the 50th to 95th percentile curves for WC had a sharp increase between 8 and 13 years and 11-15 years, respectively, and began to plateau after this age, whereas for boys, these curves had a persistent and less sharp increase with age, until the age of 18 years. The WHR curves of girls decreased with age until 15 years and began to plateau thereafter, whereas for boys the 25th to 95th curves had a plateau pattern. Comparison of the current reference curves with the British ones showed that in boys, the 5th and 50th percentile curves were similar in both studies, but the 95th percentile curve of our study was higher than the British curves. For girls, the 5th percentile curves of both studies were similar, but the 50th and 95th percentile curves of our study were higher than the British ones. These curves represent the first childhood WC, HiC and WHR reference curves obtained in Asia. These curves can provide baseline data for analysis of time trends, as well as for international comparisons.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 43%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Reference Curves of Waist and Hip Circumferences in An Asian Population of Youths: CASPIAN Study

Kelishadi

Gouya

Ardalan

et al. 2007

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics

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“…The ethnic differences in body fat patterning and the genetic tendency of some ethnic groups to abdominal obesity should be considered as well. [35,36] Although the year of data collection varies in different countries, e.g., 1981 in Canada, [21] 1988 in UK, [19] 1988-1994 in USA, [22] 1992-1994 in Japan, [25] 1994-2003 in Germany, [31] 1999-2000 in Cyprus, [20] the range of age (2 to 18 years) and the sites of WC measurement differ between studies, as all the four commonly used sites are almost equally associated with total body fat and truncal fat in each sex and are highly reproducible. [37] Our fi ndings confi rm that WC percentiles may serve as a simple and valid epidemiological marker for assessment of childhood obesity and its related health consequences.…”

Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

First reference curves of waist circumference for German children in comparison to international values: the PEP Family Heart Study

Schwandt

Kelishadi

Haas³

2008

World J Pediatr

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These first WC reference curves of German children can be added to the existing international curves for children; comparison of different populations demonstrated that the German values are in the middle range of the curves obtained in different countries. Our findings about significant differences between the reference curves obtained in various regions emphasize the necessity of developing population-specific percentiles, and to use them in clinical and epidemiological studies among children.

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“…The familial nature (Rich, 1990;Freeman et al 2002;Mills et al 2004), the marked difference in the prevalence among various racial groups (Al-Shaer & Abusabha, 2005) and the difference in concordance rates between monozygotic twins (Poulsen et al 2001) is clearly consistent with a genetic component to disease susceptibility. In European populations familial studies show a sibling relative risk of 3 .…”

Section: Genetic and Environmental Components Of The Metabolic Syndromementioning

confidence: 81%

The metabolic syndrome: the crossroads of diet and genetics

2005

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The metabolic syndrome is a very common disease associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and CVD. The clinical characteristics of the metabolic syndrome include insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, abdominal obesity and hypertension. The diverse clinical characteristics illustrate the complexity of the disease process, which involves several dysregulated metabolic pathways. Thus, multiple genetic targets must be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of the metabolic syndrome. Nevertheless, the human genome has not changed markedly in the last decade but the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome has increased exponentially, which illustrates the importance of gene–environmental interactions. There is good evidence that nutrition plays an important role in the development and progression of the metabolic syndrome. Indeed, obesity is a key aetiological factor in the development of the metabolic syndrome. Understanding the biological impact of gene–nutrient interactions will provide a key insight into the pathogenesis and progression of diet-related polygenic disorders, including the metabolic syndrome. The present paper will explore the interactions between genetic background and dietary exposure or nutritional therapy, focusing on the role of dietary fatty acids within the context of nutrient regulation of gene expression and individual responsiveness to dietary therapy. Only with a full understanding of gene–gene, gene–nutrient and gene–nutrient–environment interactions can the molecular basis of the metabolic syndrome be solved to minimise the adverse health effects of obesity and reduce the risk of the metabolic syndrome, and subsequent T2DM and CVD.

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The impact of ethnicity on the lifetime risk of the metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

First Reference Curves of Waist and Hip Circumferences in An Asian Population of Youths: CASPIAN Study

First Reference Curves of Waist and Hip Circumferences in An Asian Population of Youths: CASPIAN Study

First reference curves of waist circumference for German children in comparison to international values: the PEP Family Heart Study

The metabolic syndrome: the crossroads of diet and genetics

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