The Impact of COVID-19 Infection on Cognitive Function and the Implication for Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Houben, Sarah; Bonnechère, Bruno

doi:10.3390/ijerph19137748

Cited by 28 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Our findings in this review are consistent with findings of other investigators, who reported symptoms affecting physical and mental health. They reported post COVID-19 psychological and neuropsychological concerns (anxiety and depression, PTSD, sleep and cognition deficits), even in people who had never had a mental health condition, which is similar to our findings [ 49 , 50 ]. In another study conducted by Van Kessel et al, it was found that psychological, cognitive and social symptoms were associated more with post-acute COVID-19 syndrome and less with long COVID-19 haulers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

A Scoping Review on Long COVID-19: Physiological and Psychological Symptoms Post-Acute, Long-Post and Persistent Post COVID-19

Surapaneni

Singhal

Saggu³

et al. 2022

Healthcare

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Background: The identification of persistent symptoms of chronic/long COVID-19 is crucial in understanding the management of long haulers of post COVID-19. Methods: Pub Med (Medline) database was scoped for original articles based on a search strategy related to the objectives. The selected articles post-screening were analyzed for variables relating to chronic/long COVID-19. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 33 studies were reviewed. A total of 60% of the studies were observational studies and most of them were from high income countries. Almost half of the studies were in phase 3 of post-COVID-19, i.e., symptoms lasting >24 weeks. Among the physiological and psychological symptoms studied, fatigue, dyspnea, cough, headache, memory loss, depression, brain fog and lack of concentration were found to be the most frequently reported symptoms. Excessive sleep, constipation and neuropathic pain were among the least reported symptoms. Prior hospitalization, the female gender was found to be a risk factor. Limitations were reported by all studies. Conclusions: The major physiological and psychological symptoms of long COVID-19 have been explained with risk factors and its impact on patients’ lifestyles. The findings of this review hope to facilitate clinicians to draw conclusions to manage the long-term effects of post/chronic COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

A Scoping Review on Long COVID-19: Physiological and Psychological Symptoms Post-Acute, Long-Post and Persistent Post COVID-19

Surapaneni

Singhal

Saggu³

et al. 2022

Healthcare

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“…Intriguing, hospitalization did not have a significant effect on test performance, and there was no statistical difference between NH patients, those who required hospitalization with or without oxygen and those that received ICU care. These results are consistent with previous reports of cognitive and neurological sequels 4 months after COVID‐19 infection (Mattioli et al., 2022 ) and where cognitive decline was independent of disease severity (Hadad et al., 2022 ; Houben & Bonnechère., 2022 ). Other studies also found no differences when considering treatment with mechanical ventilation or oxygen supply (Beaud et al., 2021 ; García‐Sánchez et al., 2022 ; Woo et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hadad et al (2022) found that disease severity, premorbid condition, pulmonary function test, and hypoxia did not contribute to cognitive performance. In addition, there is not a clear link between the severity of the infection and the degree of cognitive impairment (Houben & Bonnechère, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID‐19 infection on cognition and its association with neurological symptoms

et al. 2023

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Objective : To characterize the cognitive profile following COVID‐19 infection and its possible association to clinical symptoms, emotional disturbance, biomarkers, and disease severity. Methods : This was a single‐center cross‐sectional cohort study. Subjects between 20‐ and 60‐year old with confirmed COVID‐19 infection were included. Evaluation was performed between April 2020 and July 2021. Patients with previous cognitive impairment and other neurological or severe psychiatric disorders were excluded. Demographic and laboratory data were extracted from the medical records. Results : Altogether 200 patients were included, 85 subjects were female (42.3%), and mean age was 49.12 years (SD: 7.84). Patients were classified into four groups: nonhospitalized (NH, n = 21), hospitalized without intensive care unit (ICU) nor oxygen therapy (HOSP, n = 42), hospitalized without ICU but with oxygen therapy (OXY, n = 107), and ICU (ICU, n = 31) patients. NH group was younger ( p = .026). No significant differences were found in any test performed attending severity of illness ( p > .05). A total of 55 patients reported subjective cognitive complaints (SCC). Subjects with neurological symptoms (NS) performed worse in trail making test B ( p = .013), digits backwards ( p = .006), letter&numbers ( p = .002), symbol digit modalities test ( p = .016), and Stroop color ( p = .010) tests. Conclusions : OXY patients and females referred more SCC associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression. Objective cognitive performance was unrelated to SCC. No cognitive impairment was found regarding the severity of COVID‐19 infection. Results suggest that NS such as headache, anosmia, and dysgeusia during infection were a risk factor for later cognitive deficits. Tests assessing attention, processing speed, and executive function were the most sensitive in detecting cognitive changes in these patients.

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“…Виявлені у даному дослідженні гірші показники когнітивного функціонування в УБД з НПР узгоджуються з даними досліджень, що встановили наявність у комбатантів порушень когнітивного функціонування [26][27][28][29], а також з дослідженнями, які виявили несприятливий вплив COVID-19 на когнітивну сферу [30][31][32][33]…”

Section: особливості психопатологічної симптоматики в учасників бойов...unclassified

Features of Psychopathological Symptoms in Combatants with Non-Psychotic Mental Disorders Who Had COVID-19

Koval¹,

Venger²

2023

Ukr. ž. med. bìol. sportu

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The purpose of the work was to study the peculiarities of the expressiveness of psychopathological symptoms in combatants with non-psychotic mental disorders who suffered from the COVID-19 disease. Materials and methods. 252 combatants with non-psychotic mental disorders took part in the study, based on the examination of 132 combatants who did not have COVID-19 and 120 – who had COVID-19. Results and discussion. Significantly lower indicators of expressiveness of psychopathological symptoms were found in combatants who did not suffer from COVID-19, and the basis of psychopathological manifestations are: obsessive-compulsive disorders – 2.42 ± 0.33 and 2.55 ± 0.36 points, respectively (р <0.01); depression – 2.20 ± 1.15 and 2.66 ± 1.03 points (p <0.01); anxiety – 2.18 ± 0.91 and 2.41 ± 0.89 points (p <0.05). Manifestations of somatization are: auxiliary psychopathological constructs – 1.63 ± 1.07 and 2.47 ± 0.80 points (р <0.01); interpersonal sensitivity – 1.23 ± 0.96 and 1.52 ± 0.97 points, respectively (p <0.05); hostility – 1.31 ± 0.38 and 1.42 ± 0.39 points (p <0.05) and phobic anxiety – 1.23 ± 0.49 and 1.28 ± 0.48 points (p>0.05), with insignificant expressiveness of paranoid symptoms and psychoticism. It was established that combatants who suffered from the disease of COVID-19 had significantly higher levels of post-traumatic stress – 88.9 ± 16.6 and 97.8 ± 15.7 points, respectively (p <0.01), invasion symptoms – 24.5 ± 4.4 and 26.3 ± 4.9 points (p <0.01); avoidance – 23.1 ± 5.8 and 25.7 ± 5.0 points (p <0.01); excitability – 21.6 ± 5.1 and 23.8 ± 4.5 points (p <0.01); guilt – 19.7 ± 5.4 and 22.0 ± 5.0 points (p <0.01), and post-traumatic depression – 5.3 ± 4.1 and 8.2 ± 5.1 points; anxiety – 4.9 ± 3.7 and 6.8 ± 3.8 points (p <0.01), and stress – 8.1 ± 4.2 and 10.3 ± 4.1 points (p <0.01). Deterioration of cognitive functioning with a decrease in the speed and efficiency of cognitive processes was established, which did not reach the level of severe cognitive dysfunction, more pronounced in patients who suffered from COVID-19, which was manifested by a decrease in performance indicators of the TMT-A test – respectively, 37.0 ± 12.2 and 45.9 ± 14.8 sec. (p <0.01); TMT-B – 147.4 ± 37.6 and 164.4 ± 53.8 sec. (p <0.05); indicators of semantic verbal speed: number of words for letter “K” – 18.2 ± 5.4 and 16.8 ± 5.4 words (p <0.01); words for letter “P” – 16.6 ± 5.7 and 15.2 ± 5.6 words (p <0.05); words “Male names” – 17.1 ± 5.1 and 15.7 ± 5.1 words (p <0.01); words “Fruits/furniture” – 16.0 ± 5.3 and 14.7 ± 5.2 words (p <0.05), as well as slowing down the Stroop test: reading the names of colors printed in black – 51.5 ± 9.6 and 57.6 ± 8.9 sec. (p <0.01), color naming – 77.0 ± 16.9 and 86.7 ± 17.4 sec. (p <0.01), reading the names of colors where the color of the font differs from the meaning of the word – 131.2 ± 20.4 and 142.1 ± 19.9 sec., naming the color of a word where the color of the font differs from the meaning of the word – 50.5 ± 9.6 and 56.6 ± 8.9 sec. (p <0.01), stiffness/flexibility indicators of control – 54.2 ± 10.3 and 55.4 ± 7.9 sec. and verbality – 1.5 ± 0.1 and 1.5 ± 0.1 sec. Conclusion. The revealed regularities allow considering COVID-19 as an actual risk factor for the deterioration of psychopathological and post-traumatic symptoms, as well as cognitive disorders in combatants with non-psychotic mental disorders

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The Impact of COVID-19 Infection on Cognitive Function and the Implication for Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 28 publications

References 101 publications

A Scoping Review on Long COVID-19: Physiological and Psychological Symptoms Post-Acute, Long-Post and Persistent Post COVID-19

A Scoping Review on Long COVID-19: Physiological and Psychological Symptoms Post-Acute, Long-Post and Persistent Post COVID-19

Impact of COVID‐19 infection on cognition and its association with neurological symptoms

Features of Psychopathological Symptoms in Combatants with Non-Psychotic Mental Disorders Who Had COVID-19

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