The impact of copper pollution on barnyard grass populations.

THE UPTAKE OF COPPER BY PLANTS OF MIMULUS GUTTATUS DIFFERING IN GENOTYPE PRIMARILY AT A SINGLE MAJOR COPPER TOLERANCE LOCUS

“…The greater uptake of copper into the shoots of tolerants is more unusual. Wu and Antonovics (1975) also found this for copper and zinc uptake by A. stolonifera, and Peterson (1975) could find no difference for zinc and arsenic in A. tenuis, but the majority of authors have found shoot levels of metals to be negatively correlated with tolerance, including the two studies by Baker (1978) and Morishima and Oka (1977) on a range of populations. It is possible that these differences take a few weeks to develop, since it is noteworthy that most of the studies, including the present ones, reporting no differences or tolerants having greater uptake, have used plants grown for only 1 or 2 weeks in the culture medium.…”

“…Thus greater root accumulation by tolerants has been found for copper in Agrostis stolonifera (Wu, Thurman and Bradshaw, 1975;Wu and Antonovics, 1975); for zinc in A. stolonifera (Wu and Antonovics, 1975), A. tenuis (Peterson, 1969;Turner and Marshall, 1972) and Silene maritima (Baker, 1978); and for arsenic in A. tenuis (Peterson, 1975). No differences for cadmium uptake in Holcus lanatus were found however (Coughtrey and Martin, 1978), and studies by Baker (1978) and Morishima and Oka (1977) on a number of populations could find no clear relationship between tolerance and root uptake for zinc tolerance in S. maritima and copper tolerance in barnyard grass. Reduced uptake by a tolerant population was found by Mathys (1973) for zinc-tolerant A. tenuis.…”

Copper tolerance and copper uptake of Lotus purshianus (Benth.) Clem. & Clem. and its symbiotic Rhizobium loti derived from a copper mine waste population

“…In this way, less metal arrives at the shoots of tolerant plants than non-tolerant plants (Wu, Thurman & Bradshaw, 1975;Morishima & Oka, 1977;Baker, 1978). In Agrostis tenuis, zinc was found to be bound in the root cell wall, and the quantity of zinc bound correlated with the tolerance index of the plants (Turner, 1969(Turner, , 1970Peterson, 1969).…”

“…Studies on the uptake of heavy metals from culture solutions generally indicate that the metals accumulate far more in the roots than in the shoots, and that tolerant plants accumulate more metal in the roots than do non-tolerant plants (Peterson, 1975;Wu & Antonovics, 1975). In this way, less metal arrives at the shoots of tolerant plants than non-tolerant plants (Wu, Thurman & Bradshaw, 1975;Morishima & Oka, 1977;Baker, 1978). In Agrostis tenuis, zinc was found to be bound in the root cell wall, and the quantity of zinc bound correlated with the tolerance index of the plants (Turner, 1969(Turner, , 1970Peterson, 1969).…”