The Impact of Clinical Lameness on the Milk Yield of Dairy Cows

Green, Laura; Hedges, V.; Schukken, Y.H.; Blowey, Roger; Packington, A.J.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(02)74304-x

Cited by 435 publications

(421 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In addition, it was found that if a cow had one or more mastitis cases in its previous lactation then it would produce 1.2 kg/day less milk over the whole of current lactation compared with a cow with no mastitis in its previous lactation. Green et al (2002) estimated that on average lame cows fail to produce ,350 kg of milk (with a range of 160 to 550 kg), and decreased milk yield occurred from 4 months before till 5 months after a cow was diagnosed as clinically lame.…”

Section: Genetic Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic parameters for production, health, fertility and longevity traits in dairy cows

Pritchard

Coffey

Mrode

et al. 2013

Animal

137

108

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Milk production, fertility, longevity and health records, were extracted from databases of two milk recording organisations in the United Kingdom for the first three lactations of the Holstein-Friesian breed. These included data related to health events (mastitis and lameness), voluntarily recorded on a proportion of farms. The data were analysed to calculate disease incidence levels and to estimate genetic parameters for health traits and their relationships with production and other functional traits. The resulting dataset consisted of 124 793 lactations from 75 137 animals of 1586 sires, recorded in 2434 herds. Incidence of health events increased with parity. The overall incidence of mastitis (MAS) and lameness (LAM), defined as binary traits, were 17% and 16%, respectively. Heritability estimates for MAS and LAM were 0.04 and 0.02, respectively, obtained from repeatability linear sire models. Heritability estimates of mastitis and lameness as count traits were slightly higher, 0.05 and 0.03, respectively. Genetic correlations were obtained by bivariate analyses of all pair-wise combinations between milk 305-day yield (MY), protein 305-day yield (PY), fat 305-day yield (FY), lactation average log e transformed lactation average somatic cell count (SCS), calving interval (CI), days to first service (DFS), non-return at 56 days (NR56), number of inseminations (NINS), mastitis (MAS), number of mastitis episodes (NMAS), lameness (LAM), number of lameness episodes (NLAM) and lifespan score (LS). As expected, MAS was correlated most strongly with SCS (0.69), which supports the use of SCS as an indicator trait for mastitis. Genetic correlations between MAS and yield and fertility traits were of similar magnitude ranging from 0.27 to 0.33. Genetic correlations between MAS with LAM and LS were 0.38 and 20.59, respectively. Not all genetic correlations between LAM and other traits were significant because of fewer numbers of lameness records. LAM had significant genetic correlations with MY (0.38), PY (0.28), CI (0.35), NINS (0.38) and LS (20.53). The heritability estimates of mastitis and lameness were low; therefore, genetic gain through direct selection alone would be slow, yet still positive and cumulative. Direct selection against mastitis and lameness as additional traits should reduce incidence of both diseases, and simultaneously improve fertility and longevity. However, both health traits had antagonistic relationships with production traits, thus genetic gain in production would be slower.

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Section: Genetic Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic parameters for production, health, fertility and longevity traits in dairy cows

Pritchard

Coffey

Mrode

et al. 2013

Animal

137

108

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“…Lameness, defined as a deviation in gait resulting from pain or discomfort from hoof or leg injuries and disease, can affect many cows (some studies have reported prevalence of up to 55%; Clarkson et al, 1996), reduces milk production, feed intake and fertility and is costly for producers (Green et al, 2002;O'Callaghan, 2002;Hernandez et al, 2005). Most gait evaluations assess changes relative to 'normal gait', but such changes can be difficult to judge; Whay et al (2003) reported that producers identified only one of every four cases of dairy cattle with hoof injuries or disease, and another study found that only one of every three cows were correctly identified (Espejo et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gait assessment in dairy cattle

Flower

Weary

2009

Animal

110

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Lameness is one of the most important dairy cow welfare issues and has inspired a growing body of literature on gait assessment. Validation studies have shown that several methods of gait assessment are able to successfully distinguish cows with and without painful pathologies. While subjective methods provide an immediate, on-site assessment and require no technical equipment, they show variation in observer reliability. On the other hand, objective methods of gait assessment provide accurate and reliable data, but typically require sophisticated technology, limiting their use on farms. In this critical review, we evaluate gait assessment methods, discuss the reliability and validity of measures used to date, and point to areas where new research is needed. We show how gait can be affected by hoof and leg pathologies, treatment of these ailments and the pain associated with lameness. We also discuss how cow (e.g. conformation, size and udder fill) and environmental features (e.g. flooring) contribute to variation in the way cows walk. An understanding of all these factors is important to avoid misclassifying of cows and confounding comparisons between herds.

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“…Bicalho et al [9] showed that lame cows produced 3.02±0.23 kg more milk prior to lameness in comparison with the control group. Using body fat reserves for milk production entails mobilizing fat from many tissues, including the digital cushion [8] . Other studies have also revealed a connection between a lower BCS and lameness [6,10,12,21] , as well as a connection between a higher BCS and a higher LS [22] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The etiology of lameness is complex and multifactorial. The factors influencing lameness include the following: housing conditions, social interactions/influence, stages of lactation, pregnancy or calving and high yielding [6][7][8][9] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sütçü İneklerin Laktasyon Pikinde Kronik Topallığın Risk Faktörleri Olarak Süt Üretimi, Vücut Kondisyon Skoru ve Metabolik Parametreler

Ristevski¹,

Toholj²,

Cincović³

et al. 2017

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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Citation of This ArticleRistevski M, Toholj B, Cincovic M, Trojacanec P, Staric J, Smolec O: Milk production, body condition score and metabolic parameters at the peak of lactation as risk factors for chronic lameness in dairy cows. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 23 (5): 721-727, 2017721-727, . DOI: 10.9775/kvfd.2017 AbstractThe objective of this case-control study was to examine the milk production, body condition score and metabolic profiles at the peak of lactation as risk factors for chronic lameness present in cows during the first six months of lactation. A total of 100 Holstein-Friesian cows were enrolled in the study, out of which 30 were classified as lame (a locomotion score (LS) >3 according to 4 of 5 monthly measurements) and 70 exhibited no signs of clinical lameness (LS ≤3). The cows with milk production above 30.9 kg/day showed a higher risk for chronic lameness (OR=1.9, a 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.2-4.5), and the risk peaked at a milk production of 39.1 kg/day (OR=4.8, CI=2.1-8.8). A suboptimal BCS <2.5 or >3 at the peak of lactation increased the probability of lameness in the exposed group of cows (OR=4.9, CI=2.2-8). The cows were exposed to higher risk factors for chronic lameness under the following circumstances: BHBA>0.8 mmol/L (OR=3.5, CI=1.2-9.9), LDH>1900 IU/L (OR=2.3, CI=1.4-5.9), and triglycerides>0.22 mmol/L (OR=2.2, CI=1.5-2.9). The interaction between two risk factors showed a higher OR for developing chronic lameness in comparison with a single-factor exposure: BCS × BHBA (OR=22, CI=1.2-1000), BCS×LDH (OR=33, CI=1.8-1400), milk production × BHBA (OR=18.24, CI=2.1-433) and milk production×LDH (OR=14.2, CI=1.5-327). Lameness cows exposed to risk factor showed un-significant lower concentration of urea, ALP and higher concentration of cholesterol and triglycerides probably due to energy and protein malnutrition. Glucose concentrations were similar in healthy and lameness cows. Same mean concentration of glucose was maintained with decrease of LDH activity in healthy cows, but with increase LDH in lame cows, probably due to high glycolysis. Metabolic adaptation in pick of lactation and its relation with lameness need further research.

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The Impact of Clinical Lameness on the Milk Yield of Dairy Cows

Cited by 435 publications

References 19 publications

Genetic parameters for production, health, fertility and longevity traits in dairy cows

Genetic parameters for production, health, fertility and longevity traits in dairy cows

Gait assessment in dairy cattle

Sütçü İneklerin Laktasyon Pikinde Kronik Topallığın Risk Faktörleri Olarak Süt Üretimi, Vücut Kondisyon Skoru ve Metabolik Parametreler

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