Sütçü İneklerin Laktasyon Pikinde Kronik Topallığın Risk Faktörleri Olarak Süt Üretimi, Vücut Kondisyon Skoru ve Metabolik Parametreler

Abstract

Citation of This ArticleRistevski M, Toholj B, Cincovic M, Trojacanec P, Staric J, Smolec O: Milk production, body condition score and metabolic parameters at the peak of lactation as risk factors for chronic lameness in dairy cows. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 23 (5): 721-727, 2017721-727, . DOI: 10.9775/kvfd.2017 AbstractThe objective of this case-control study was to examine the milk production, body condition score and metabolic profiles at the peak of lactation as risk factors for chronic lameness present in cows during the first six months of lactation. A total of 100 Holstein-Friesian cows were enrolled in the study, out of which 30 were classified as lame (a locomotion score (LS) >3 according to 4 of 5 monthly measurements) and 70 exhibited no signs of clinical lameness (LS ≤3). The cows with milk production above 30.9 kg/day showed a higher risk for chronic lameness (OR=1.9, a 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.2-4.5), and the risk peaked at a milk production of 39.1 kg/day (OR=4.8, CI=2.1-8.8). A suboptimal BCS <2.5 or >3 at the peak of lactation increased the probability of lameness in the exposed group of cows (OR=4.9, CI=2.2-8). The cows were exposed to higher risk factors for chronic lameness under the following circumstances: BHBA>0.8 mmol/L (OR=3.5, CI=1.2-9.9), LDH>1900 IU/L (OR=2.3, CI=1.4-5.9), and triglycerides>0.22 mmol/L (OR=2.2, CI=1.5-2.9). The interaction between two risk factors showed a higher OR for developing chronic lameness in comparison with a single-factor exposure: BCS × BHBA (OR=22, CI=1.2-1000), BCS×LDH (OR=33, CI=1.8-1400), milk production × BHBA (OR=18.24, CI=2.1-433) and milk production×LDH (OR=14.2, CI=1.5-327). Lameness cows exposed to risk factor showed un-significant lower concentration of urea, ALP and higher concentration of cholesterol and triglycerides probably due to energy and protein malnutrition. Glucose concentrations were similar in healthy and lameness cows. Same mean concentration of glucose was maintained with decrease of LDH activity in healthy cows, but with increase LDH in lame cows, probably due to high glycolysis. Metabolic adaptation in pick of lactation and its relation with lameness need further research.

Impact of Nutrients on the Hoof Health in Cattle

“…Lesions that cause lameness in cows can be of infectious or non-infectious origin [15,16,28,78,79]. The prime infectious lesions causing lameness are digital dermatitis [15,16,37,78,80] and interdigital phlegmon [16]. Non-infectious lesions are associated with the loss of tissue integrity due to traumatic events, excessive wear, nutritional deficiencies, or unduly hoof modification, which may provide the primary gateway for infection.…”

“…Non-infectious lesions are associated with the loss of tissue integrity due to traumatic events, excessive wear, nutritional deficiencies, or unduly hoof modification, which may provide the primary gateway for infection. Non-infectious lesions include laminitis [9,15,16,60], which is associated with metabolic disease [9,12] and was reported to be one of the most common causes of lameness in dairy cattle [81]. Other lesions of limb disease include white line disease, sole ulcers [15,16,60], heels erosion, hemorrhages, and others [37,60].…”

“…Non-infectious lesions include laminitis [9,15,16,60], which is associated with metabolic disease [9,12] and was reported to be one of the most common causes of lameness in dairy cattle [81]. Other lesions of limb disease include white line disease, sole ulcers [15,16,60], heels erosion, hemorrhages, and others [37,60]. Cows that have suffered from hoof disorders in the past are more likely to develop other diseases, especially white line disease, digital dermatitis, sole ulcers, and hemorrhages [9], which are related to feeding [9,17].…”

“…Lameness is described as a clinical symptom, which is recognizable by a change in locomotion, usually associated with lesions of the pelvic limbs. More than 90% of diagnosed lesions affect the distal part of the limb [11,13,[15][16][17][18][19][20]; however, the resulting lesions are not only a welfare problem, but they also affect production and profit [8,14,15,19,21,22]. Dairy cows that are affected by limb diseases have lower dry matter intake and milk yield [3,4,[9][10][11]14,16,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28], reduced fertility [3,4,[15][16][17][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32], and they have an increased risk of culling [3,4,11,14,…”

“…Lameness of dairy cows is, along with mastitis and reproduction, the third most expensive disease to treat [5][6][7]15,16,20,22,[25][26][27]31,32,[34][35][36][37][38]. The study by Kaniyamattam et al [39] reports lameness is second only to mastitis [39].…”