The impact of childhood parental loss on risk for mood, anxiety and substance use disorders in a population-based sample of male twins

Otowa, Takeshi; York, Timothy P.; Gardner, C. O.; Kendler, Kenneth S.; Hettema, John M.

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.07.053

Cited by 54 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, to have friends taking the drug and to have parents who are living alone, divorced or widowed, smoking and taking cannabis is associated with the taking of methamphetamine. One may speculate that the experience of the loss of a parent may be traumatic and may change the self-perception (Otowa et al[16]). This speculation is supported by the finding that the methamphetamine users more frequently reported the general feeling of being overwhelmed and being uncertain of their ability to solve future problems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of Methamphetamine Abuse in Adolescents and Young Adults in a Thuringian County

Dhein¹,

Schmelmer²,

Guenther³

et al. 2018

Eur Addict Res

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Background/Objective: Drug abuse is an increasing problem among young adults in European countries. We wanted to assess the prevalence of methamphetamine and cannabis use in young people and to ask for their socioeconomic, parental and emotional background. Methods: All pupils (n = 1,087) in the final class of 3 school types (general school [in Germany: Hauptschule/Regelschule mit Hauptschulabschluss] class 9, regular school [in Germany: Regelschule] class 10, high school [in Germany: Gymnasium] class 10) and the first 2 classes of the vocational school (in Germany: Berufsschule) in the entire rural district of Altenburger Land, a Thuringian county in Germany with a total of 92,344 inhabitants were asked to fill out a 2-page questionnaire. In all, 920 questionnaires could be finally evaluated (mean age: 16.6 ± 0.07 years; mode value: 16; maximum range: 13–29). Results: In the entire group, 5.81% (33 females, 20 males) reported the use of methamphetamine, while 42.8% stated that they have used it only once, the remaining 57.2% specified that they have used it on a more regular basis, mostly once a month, but 14.2% had used it almost daily. With regard to the socioeconomic background, 55% of the parents of the methamphetamine users were employees and 10% of the parents were in a leading position. This was not different from the non-user group (p = 0.193). Unemployment of the parents was found in 6.5% of the methamphetamine users and in 4.7% of the non-users. Overall, 67.92% had a basic knowledge of the side effects of this drug. In 55.32% of the methamphetamine users, the parents lived alone, were divorced or widowed, while this was only 33.1% in the non-user group. Of all the methamphetamine users, 69% had friends who also consumed the drug, which may give a hint on the impact of a peer group. In the entire group, 29.84% were smokers (female group: 28.47%; male group 31.25%) and 25.5% consumed cannabis. Ecstasy was used by a total of 4.05% and cocaine by 1.53%. No participant mentioned that they have used opiates. Conclusion: Among pupils aged about 16 years nearly 6% reported to have consumed methamphetamine. This group has a middle socioeconomic background. Two factors were strongly associated with methamphetamine usage: a family with only a single parent and friends who were used to taking methamphetamine. The self-perception of users was generally considered to be a disadvantage as compared to the other factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of Methamphetamine Abuse in Adolescents and Young Adults in a Thuringian County

Dhein¹,

Schmelmer²,

Guenther³

et al. 2018

Eur Addict Res

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“…In further research, Tyrka et al (2008) found that participants with separation/desertion and those with parental death were significantly more likely than the control subjects to report the subsequent onset of symptoms of a depressive or anxiety disorder but Otowa et al (2014) went beyond finding that early parental separation has stronger and wider effects on adult psychopathology than parental death. Going into details, parental separation was associated with a wide range of adult psychopathology, whereas parental death was specifically associated with phobia and alcohol dependence.…”

Section: Psychobiological Effects On Infant Health Linked To Parentalmentioning

confidence: 98%

New approaches to divorce with children: A problem of public health

Vezzetti

2016

Health Psychology Open

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This broad review elaborates on the most up-to-date knowledge on biochemical and psychobiological aspects of parental loss and other childhood adversities during divorce involving minor children. So far, divorce involving minor children was unfortunately considered by authorities only as a purely juridical problem, and this approach has often allowed a completely different approach according to the Courts. Now, scientific research, also making use of animal models, is demonstrating the biological basis of the problem and the indisputable consequences on the well-being and health of children. The innovative conclusion of this review is that this argument (because of its frequency and gravity) is primarily a question of public health and that it is necessary to further harmonize practices in this area.

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“…Bu bulgu, majör depresyonun etiyolojisinde erken dönem kayıpları inceleyen araştırmalarla oldukça paralellik göstermektedir (Agid ve ark. 1999;Coffino 2009;Luecken ve Roubinov 2012;Otowa ve ark. 2014).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

The Impact of Early Losses, Attachment, Temperament-Character Traits and Affect Regulation on the Development of Psychopathology

Gürdal¹,

Tok²,

Sorıas³

2018

Turkish Journal of Psychiatry

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ÖZETAmaç: Yazında ve ruh sağlığı uygulamaları içinde, psikopatolojileri anlarken hem gelişimsel hem de yapısal özelliklerin rolünün büyük olduğu bildirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada araştırılan temel soru erken kayıpların, bağlanma biçimlerinin, duygu düzenlemenin ve mizaç-karakter özel-liklerinin psikopatoloji üzerinde nasıl bir etkisinin olduğunu incelemektir. Ayrıca, duygu düzenleme ve bağlanmanın zarardan kaçınma mizaç boyutu ve psikopatoloji arasındaki aracı rolünün sınanması da bir diğer amaçtır.Yöntem: Araştırmanın örneklemi, klinik grup (n = 224) ve sağlıklı kontrol grubu (n = 61) olmak üzere iki grupta toplam 285 katılımcıdan oluşmuştur. Klinik grup, majör depresif bozukluk (n = 78), anksiyete bozukluğu (n = 74) ve somatizasyon bozukluğu (n = 72) hastalarını içermiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak, Duygu Düzenlemede Güçlükler Ölçeği, Bilişsel Duygu Düzenleme Ölçeği, Yakın İlişkilerde Yaşantılar Envanteri-II, Mizaç Karakter Envanteri, Beck Depresyon Envanteri, Beck Anksiyete Envanteri ve Erken Kayıpları Araştırma Formu kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Klinik grubun erken dönem ebeveyn kaybını kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı seviyede daha fazla yaşadığı görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte, klinik grubun sağlıkla gruba göre hem kaygılı hem de kaçıngan bağlanma örüntülerinin daha belirgin olduğu; duygu düzenlemede daha fazla güçlük yaşadıkları ve uyuma yönelik bilişsel duygu düzenleme stratejilerini daha az, uyuma yönelik olmayan bilişsel duygu düzen-leme stratejilerini daha fazla kullandıkları; zarardan kaçınma mizaç puanlarının belirgin biçimde daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Ek olarak, klinik grupta, hem bağlanmanın hem de duygu düzenlemenin zarardan kaçınma ile depresyon ve anksiyete arasında kısmi aracı etkilerinin olduğu saptanmıştır.Sonuç: Bu araştırmanın bulgularıyla, hem yapısal hem de erken dönem çevresel etmenlerin psikopatolojiye yatkınlaştırıcı etkilerinin olduğu ve özellikle depresyon ve anksiyetenin etiyolojisini anlamada önemli yer tuttuğunu gösterilmiştir.Anahtar Sözcükler: Psikopatoloji, bağlanma, erken kayıplar, duygu düzenleme, mizaç ve karakter The Impact of Early Losses, Attachment, TemperamentCharacter Traits and Affect Regulation On The Development of PsychopathologyObjective: The role of developmental issues and the constitutional factors are crucial in conceptualization of psychopathology. The main aim of this research was to investigate the impact of early losses, attachment styles, affect regulation and temperament-character traits on psychopathology. Furthermore, the other aim was to examine the mediator role of affect regulation and attachment styles between harm avoidance temperament trait and psychopathology. Method:The research sample was composed of two groups being clinical group (n = 224) and healthy control group (n = 61). The clinical group included major depressive disorder (n = 78), anxiety disorder (n = 74) and somatization disorder (n = 72). Data collection tools involved Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, The Experiences in Close Relations...

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The impact of childhood parental loss on risk for mood, anxiety and substance use disorders in a population-based sample of male twins

Cited by 54 publications

References 52 publications

Aspects of Methamphetamine Abuse in Adolescents and Young Adults in a Thuringian County

Aspects of Methamphetamine Abuse in Adolescents and Young Adults in a Thuringian County

New approaches to divorce with children: A problem of public health

The Impact of Early Losses, Attachment, Temperament-Character Traits and Affect Regulation on the Development of Psychopathology

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