The impact of carbon and nitrogen catabolite repression in microorganisms

Nair, Abhinav

doi:10.1016/j.micres.2021.126831

Cited by 49 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…Studies on colony growth are important for understanding microbial ecology (Ernebjerg and Kishony, 2012;Skandamis and Jeanson, 2015), as microorganisms grown on solid surfaces often form colonies (Jeanson et al, 2015). The growth environment plays an important role in microbial growth; for example, both nitrogen and carbon can Hitomi et al 10.3389/fmicb.2022.948657 cause catabolite repression (Simpson-Lavy and Kupiec, 2019;Nair and Sarma, 2021). Studies on the growth of single colonies observed that colony growth was dependent on the nutritional condition, agar concentration and presence of other cells (Harcombe et al, 2014;Warren et al, 2019;Díaz-Pascual et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of the genomic and nutritional differentiation to the spatial distribution of bacterial colonies

2022

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Colony growth is a common phenomenon of structured populations dispersed in nature; nevertheless, studies on the spatial distribution of colonies are largely insufficient. Here, we performed a systematic survey to address the questions of whether and how the spatial distribution of colonies was influenced by the genome and environment. Six Escherichia coli strains carrying either the wild-type or reduced genomes and eight media of varied nutritional richness were used to evaluate the genomic and environmental impacts, respectively. The genome size and nutritional variation contributed to the mean size and total area but not the variation and shape of size distribution of the colonies formed within the identical space and of equivalent spatial density. The spatial analysis by means of the Voronoi diagram found that the Voronoi correlation remained nearly constant in common, in comparison to the Voronoi response decreasing in correlation to genome reduction and nutritional enrichment. Growth analysis at the single colony level revealed positive correlations of the relative growth rate to both the maximal colony size and the Voronoi area, regardless of the genomic and nutritional variety. This result indicated fast growth for the large space assigned and supported homeostasis in the Voronoi correlation. Taken together, the spatial distribution of colonies might benefit efficient clonal growth. Although the mechanisms remain unclear, the findings provide quantitative insights into the genomic and environmental contributions to the growth and distribution of spatially or geographically isolated populations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of the genomic and nutritional differentiation to the spatial distribution of bacterial colonies

2022

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“…In contrast, the expression of non-dominant carbon sources, such as lactose, ribose, and cellobiose transporters, was decreased due to carbon catabolite repression (CCR). When dominant carbon sources are present, bacteria preferentially utilize dominant carbon sources and suppress other carbon source metabolism and transport-related genes, reducing unnecessary gene expression and enhancing metabolic efficiency [ 24 ]. We discovered that the expression of all iron-transport-related genes in the transcriptome data were down-regulated, which could be related to the concentration of iron ions in the medium [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Analysis of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Reveals Fructose Addition Effects on Fengycin Synthesis

Yang

et al. 2022

Genes

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Fengycin is a lipopeptide produced by Bacillus that has a strong inhibitory effect on filamentous fungi; however, its use is restricted due to poor production and low yield. Previous studies have shown that fengycin biosynthesis in B. amyloliquefaciens was found to be significantly increased after fructose addition. This study investigated the effect of fructose on fengycin production and its regulation mechanism in B. amyloliquefaciens by transcriptome sequencing. According to the RNA sequencing data, 458 genes were upregulated and 879 genes were downregulated. Transcriptome analysis results showed that fructose changed the transcription of amino acid synthesis, fatty acid metabolism, and energy metabolism; alterations in these metabolic pathways contribute to the synthesis of fengycin. In an MLF medium (modified Landy medium with fructose), the expression level of the fengycin operon was two-times higher than in an ML medium (modified Landy medium). After fructose was added to B. amyloliquefaciens, the fengycin-synthesis-associated genes were activated in the process of fengycin synthesis.

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“…Nitrate is also an excellent nitrogen source for filamentous fungi; however, it is not utilized in the presence of preferred nitrogen. Previous studies have shown that nitrate decreases protease secretion but increases the production of other enzymes because of its elimination to the NCR [ 12 , 13 ]. However, few gene regulatory systems based on NCR have been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an auto-inducible expression system by nitrogen sources switching based on the nitrogen catabolite repression regulation

et al. 2022

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Background The construction of protein expression systems is mainly focused on carbon catabolite repression and quorum-sensing systems. However, each of these regulatory modes has an inherent flaw, which is difficult to overcome. Organisms also prioritize using different nitrogen sources, which is called nitrogen catabolite repression. To date, few gene regulatory systems based on nitrogen catabolite repression have been reported. Results In this study, we constructed a nitrogen switching auto-inducible expression system (NSAES) based on nitrogen catabolite regulation and nitrogen utilization in Aspergillus nidulans. The PniaD promoter that is highly induced by nitrate and inhibition by ammonia was used as the promoter. Glucuronidase was the reporter protein. Glucuronidase expression occurred after ammonium was consumed in an ammonium and nitrate compounding medium, achieving stage auto-switching for cell growth and gene expression. This system maintained a balance between cell growth and protein production to maximize stress products. Expressions of glycosylated and secretory proteins were successfully achieved using this auto-inducible system. Conclusions We described an efficient auto-inducible protein expression system based on nitrogen catabolite regulation. The system could be useful for protein production in the laboratory and industrial applications. Simultaneously, NSAES provides a new auto-inducible expression regulation mode for other filamentous fungi.

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The impact of carbon and nitrogen catabolite repression in microorganisms

Cited by 49 publications

References 114 publications

Contribution of the genomic and nutritional differentiation to the spatial distribution of bacterial colonies

Contribution of the genomic and nutritional differentiation to the spatial distribution of bacterial colonies

Transcriptome Analysis of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Reveals Fructose Addition Effects on Fengycin Synthesis

Development of an auto-inducible expression system by nitrogen sources switching based on the nitrogen catabolite repression regulation

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