The Impact of Biodegradable Plastics in the Properties of Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate

Aldás, Miguel; Pavón, Cristina; Rosa-Ramírez, Harrison de la; Bertomeu, David; López‐Martínez, Juan

doi:10.1007/s10924-021-02073-x

Cited by 34 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…It is worth mentioning the physicochemical and mechanical properties of PLA in this section to help with a better understanding of its applicable manufacturing methods. PLA is one of the biodegradable thermoplastics, with similar properties to polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) [ 31 , 32 ]. Table 1 summarizes the physical and mechanical properties of PLA.…”

Section: The Life Cycle Of Plamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Life Cycle Assessment for Polylactic Acid (PLA) to Make It a Low-Carbon Material

et al. 2021

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The massive plastic production worldwide leads to a global concern for the pollution made by the plastic wastes and the environmental issues associated with them. One of the best solutions is replacing the fossil-based plastics with bioplastics. Bioplastics such as polylactic acid (PLA) are biodegradable materials with less greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. PLA is a biopolymer produced from natural resources with good mechanical and chemical properties, therefore, it is used widely in packaging, agriculture, and biomedical industries. PLA products mostly end up in landfills or composting. In this review paper, the existing life cycle assessments (LCA) for PLA were comprehensively reviewed and classified. According to the LCAs, the energy and materials used in the whole life cycle of PLA were reported. Finally, the GHG emissions of PLA in each stage of its life cycle, including feedstock acquisition and conversion, manufacturing of PLA products, the PLA applications, and the end of life (EoL) options, were described. The most energy-intensive stage in the life cycle of PLA is its conversion. By optimizing the conversion process of PLA, it is possible to make it a low-carbon material with less dependence on energy sources.

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Section: The Life Cycle Of Plamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Life Cycle Assessment for Polylactic Acid (PLA) to Make It a Low-Carbon Material

et al. 2021

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“…Alaerts et al [11] concluded that future risks are certainly assessed for PLA, whereas for PHB there is no risk currently, but it will be crucial in future application developments. Aldas et al [26] examined the feasibility of reliably identifying some biopolymers, treated as contaminants, in the recycling process of PET. They noticed a good miscibility between Secondary or mechanical/physical recycling is process in which waste plastics are reprocessed through mechanical means to form polymers, with nearly the same or lower performance in comparison to the initial products.…”

Section: Recycling Of Petroleum-based Plastics In the Presence Of Bio-based Plasticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Recycling Of Petroleum-based Plastics In the Presence Of Bio-based Plasticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They noticed a good miscibility between PET-PLA and PET-PHB. However, the problem identified was that PHB degrades in the recycling process of PET due to the high processing temperatures used and the mechanical properties of the recycled PET are decreased due to the presence of PLA or PHB [26]. Indeed, according to data in Table 1, the degradation temperature of PHB is below the processing temperature of PET.…”

Section: Recycling Of Petroleum-based Plastics In the Presence Of Bio-based Plasticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…39 [11] 69 [26] 255 [11] 410 [36] 270 [26] PLA 1.20-1.45 [11] 45-60 [35] 155-165 [11] 320 [37] 180 [38] PHB 1.25-1.30 [11,39] 2-5 [35] 180 [11] 220-250 [40,41] 170 [42] PEF 1.40-1.55 [11] 84.3 [16] 225 [11] 325 [16] The recycling route of a plastic waste stream including both conventional and biobased plastics is shown in Figure 3. Briefly the specific plastic products after their production either from fossil-fuel or biomass sources become post-consumer wastes.…”

Section: Recycling Of Petroleum-based Plastics In the Presence Of Bio-based Plasticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical Recycling of PET in the Presence of the Bio-Based Polymers, PLA, PHB and PEF: A Review

et al. 2021

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The great increase in the production and consumption of plastics has resulted in large amounts of plastic wastes, creating a serious problem in terms of their environmentally friendly disposal. The need for the production of more environmentally friendly polymers gave birth to the production of biodegradable, and more recently, biobased polymers, used in the production of biodegradable or biobased plastics. Although the percentage of currently produced bioplastics is rather small, almost 1% compared to petrochemical-based plastics, inevitably is going to significantly increase in the near future due to strict legislation recently posed by the European Union and other countries’ Governments. Thus, recycling strategies that have been developed could be disturbed and the economic balance of this sector could be destabilized. In the present review, the recycling of the polymer mainly used in food plastic packaging, i.e., poly(ethylene terephthalate), PET is examined together with its counterparts from the biobased polymers, i.e., poly(lactic acid), PLA (already replacing PET in several applications), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), PHB and poly(ethylene furanoate), PEF. Methods for the chemical recycling of these materials together with the chemical products obtained are critically reviewed. Specifically, hydrolysis, alcoholysis and glycolysis. Hydrolysis (i.e., the reaction with water) under different environments (alkaline, acidic, neutral), experimental conditions and catalysts results directly in the production of the corresponding monomers, which however, should be separated in order to be re-used for the re-production of the respective polymer. Reaction conditions need to be optimized with a view to depolymerize only a specific polymer, while the others remain intact. Alcoholysis (i.e., the reaction with some alcohol, methanol or ethanol) results in methyl or ethyl esters or diesters that again could be used for the re-production of the specific polymer or as a source for producing other materials. Glycolysis (reaction with some glycol, such as ethylene, or diethylene glycol) is much studied for PET, whereas less studied for the biopolymers and seems to be a very promising technique. Oligomers having two terminal hydroxyl groups are produced that can be further utilized as starting materials for other value-added products, such as unsaturated polyester resins, methacrylated crosslinked resins, biodegradable polyurethanes, etc. These diols derived from both PET and the bio-based polymers can be used simultaneously without the need for an additional separation step, in the synthesis of final products incorporating biodegradable units in their chemical structure.

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Facile fabrication of oriented polyethylene terephthalate foams as novel solar interfacial vapor generator from waste bottles

Liu,

Wu,

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The massive arbitrarily discarded waste of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles become a major environmental pollution source for soils and oceans. Using these waste products to acquire purified water has great significance. We developed a novel strategy of inducing crystallization coupled with solvent exchanging to obtain oriented PET/carbon nanotubes (CNT) foams from waste PET bottles and to fabricate solar interfacial vapor generators (SIVGs). The obtained PET/CNT foams had low densities of 0.18 g/cm3 and high specific strength with compressive stress of 1.8 MPa. The PET/CNT foams generated excellent capillary action that the water delivering rate reached 93.60 kg/m2 h. In addition, the oriented PET foams demonstrated a promising thermal concentration effect that its surface temperature reached 132.8°C. It could evaporate up to 0.82 kg/m2 h under the illumination of 1 sun. Meanwhile, the foams with CNT clusters dispersion also exhibited excellent electrical resistance of 3.57 × 103 Ω m with a low percolation threshold of 0.5 wt.% CNT. This work provides a novel strategy of manufacturing PET SIVG. The key aspect of this work is the significant increase in the surface temperature and the conductivity of PET SIVG compared with other polymer‐based SIVGs, highlighting its novelty and importance.

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The Impact of Biodegradable Plastics in the Properties of Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate

Cited by 34 publications

References 66 publications

The Life Cycle Assessment for Polylactic Acid (PLA) to Make It a Low-Carbon Material

The Life Cycle Assessment for Polylactic Acid (PLA) to Make It a Low-Carbon Material

Chemical Recycling of PET in the Presence of the Bio-Based Polymers, PLA, PHB and PEF: A Review

Facile fabrication of oriented polyethylene terephthalate foams as novel solar interfacial vapor generator from waste bottles

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