The impact of anthropogenic disturbances on the genetic diversity of terrestrial species: A global meta‐analysis

Almeida-Rocha, Juliana Monteiro de; Soares, Leiza Aparecida Souza Serafim; Andrade, Edyla Ribeiro de; Gaiotto, Fernanda Amato; Cazetta, Eliana

doi:10.1111/mec.15688

Cited by 34 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(118 reference statements)

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“…For (partially) cross-pollinated species such as Musa balbisiana , increasing the number of sampled populations is more effective in maximizing genetic capture than sampling more mother plants per population (Kallow et al 2021 ) though within-species variation in mating system should be taken into account. To further maximize genetic capture, large populations distant from anthropogenic activities should be prioritised (Andersson and de Vicente 2010 ; Almeida-Rocha et al 2020 ; Kallow et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeography and conservation gaps of Musa balbisiana Colla genetic diversity revealed by microsatellite markers

Mertens

Bawin

Abeele

et al. 2022

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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Collection and storage of crop wild relative (CWR) germplasm is crucial for preserving species genetic diversity and crop improvement. Nevertheless, much of the genetic variation of CWRs is absent in ex situ collections and detailed passport data are often lacking. Here, we focussed on Musa balbisiana, one of the two main progenitor species of many banana cultivars. We investigated the genetic structure of M. balbisiana across its distribution range using microsatellite markers. Accessions stored at the International Musa Germplasm Transit Centre (ITC) ex situ collection were compared with plant material collected from multiple countries and home gardens from Vietnam. Genetic structure analyses revealed that accessions could be divided into three main clusters. Vietnamese and Chinese populations were assigned to a first and second cluster respectively. A third cluster consisted of ITC and home garden accessions. Samples from Papua New Guinea were allocated to the cluster with Chinese populations but were assigned to a separate fourth cluster if the number of allowed clusters was set higher. Only one ITC accession grouped with native M. balbisiana populations and one group of ITC accessions was nearly genetically identical to home garden samples. This questioned their wild status, including accessions used as reference for wild M. balbisiana. Moreover, most ITC accessions and home garden samples were genetically distinct from wild populations. Our results highlight that additional germplasm should be collected from the native distribution range, especially from Northeast India, Myanmar, China, and the Philippines and stored for ex situ conservation at the ITC. The lack of passport data for many M. balbisiana accessions also complicates the interpretation of genetic information in relation to cultivation and historical dispersal routes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeography and conservation gaps of Musa balbisiana Colla genetic diversity revealed by microsatellite markers

Mertens

Bawin

Abeele

et al. 2022

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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“…The synergistic effect of these anthropogenic activities potentially led to reduction of the abundance of adult trees in forest fragments of southern Bahia, ultimately affecting genetic diversity in recent populations (i.e., juveniles). According to a recent study [ 57 ], the negative impacts of habitat loss on genetic diversity are observed in the various taxonomic group. In particular, low genetic diversity in juveniles observed in our study cannot be attributed to allelic richness, which is good news for the conservation of M. multifida future generations [ 58 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Flow and Genetic Structure Reveal Reduced Diversity between Generations of a Tropical Tree, Manilkara multifida Penn., in Atlantic Forest Fragments

Waqar

Moraes

Benchimol

et al. 2021

Genes

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The Atlantic Forest remnants in southern Bahia, Brazil, contain large tree species that have suffered disturbances in recent decades. Anthropogenic activities have led to a decrease in the population of many tree species and a loss of alleles that can maintain the evolutionary fitness of their populations. This study assessed patterns of genetic diversity, spatial genetic structure, and genetic structure among Manilkara multifida Penn. populations, comparing the genetic parameters of adult and juvenile trees. In particular, we collected leaves from adults and juveniles of M. multifida in two protected areas, the Veracel Station (EVC) and the Una Biological Reserve (UBR), located in threatened Atlantic Forest fragments. We observed a substantial decay in genetic variability between generations in both areas i.e., adults’ HO values were higher (EVC = 0.720, UBR = 0.736) than juveniles’ (EVC = 0.463 and UBR = 0.560). Both juveniles and adults showed genetic structure between the two areas (θ = 0.017 for adults and θ = 0.109 for juveniles). Additionally, forest fragments indicated an unexpectedly short gene flow. Our results, therefore, highlight the pervasive effects of historical deforestation and other human disturbances on the genetic diversity of M. multifida populations within a key conservation region of the Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot.

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“…Decades of genetic measurements of these four processes have identified and quantified major detrimental anthropogenic drivers (e.g. harvesting, selective breeding, habitat change, pollution, reduced population size, isolation, and habitat fragmentation), as well as beneficial anthropogenic drivers such as genetic rescue and migration corridors (Pacioni, Wayne & Page, 2019; Almeida‐Rocha et al ., 2020). Genetic composition is also influenced by life history traits that render some species more sensitive to genetic erosion, or less able to respond to environmental changes through genetic adaptations (e.g.…”

Section: Genetic Ebvsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global genetic diversity status and trends: towards a suite of Essential Biodiversity Variables (EBVs) for genetic composition

et al. 2022

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Biodiversity underlies ecosystem resilience, ecosystem function, sustainable economies, and human well-being. Understanding how biodiversity sustains ecosystems under anthropogenic stressors and global environmental change will require new ways of deriving and applying biodiversity data. A major challenge is that biodiversity data and knowledge are scattered, biased, collected with numerous methods, and stored in inconsistent ways. The Group on Earth Observations Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON) has developed the Essential Biodiversity Variables (EBVs) as fundamental metrics to help aggregate, harmonize, and interpret biodiversity observation data from diverse sources. Mapping and analyzing EBVs can help to evaluate how aspects of biodiversity are distributed geographically and how they change over time. EBVs are also intended to serve as inputs and validation to forecast the status and trends of biodiversity, and to support policy and decision making. Here, we assess the feasibility of implementing Genetic Composition EBVs (Genetic EBVs), which are metrics of within-species genetic variation. We review and bring together numerous areas of the field of genetics and evaluate how each contributes to global and regional genetic biodiversity monitoring with respect to theory, sampling logistics, metadata, archiving, data aggregation, modeling, and technological advances. We propose four Genetic EBVs: (i) Genetic Diversity; (ii) Genetic Differentiation; (iii) Inbreeding; and (iv) Effective Population Size (N e ). We rank Genetic EBVs according to their relevance, sensitivity to change, generalizability, scalability, feasibility and data availability. We outline the workflow for generating genetic data underlying the Genetic EBVs, and review advances and needs in archiving genetic composition data and metadata. We discuss how Genetic EBVs can be operationalized by visualizing EBVs in space and time across species and by forecasting Genetic EBVs beyond current observations using various modeling approaches. Our review then explores challenges of aggregation, standardization, and costs of operationalizing the Genetic EBVs, as well as future directions and opportunities to maximize their uptake globally in research and policy. The collection, annotation, and availability of genetic data has made major advances in the past decade, each of which contributes to the practical and standardized framework for large-scale genetic observation reporting. Rapid advances in DNA sequencing technology present new opportunities, but also challenges for operationalizing Genetic EBVs for biodiversity monitoring regionally and globally. With these advances, genetic composition monitoring is starting to be integrated into global conservation policy, which can help support the foundation of all biodiversity and species' long-term persistence in the face of environmental change. We conclude with a summary of concrete steps for researchers and policy makers for advancing operationalization of Genetic EBVs. The technical and analytica...

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The impact of anthropogenic disturbances on the genetic diversity of terrestrial species: A global meta‐analysis

Abstract: Human activities have led to the conversion of continuous natural landscapes into fragmented and isolated areas that are susceptible to edge effects and, consequently, reduced habitat quality

Cited by 34 publications

References 80 publications

Phylogeography and conservation gaps of Musa balbisiana Colla genetic diversity revealed by microsatellite markers

Phylogeography and conservation gaps of Musa balbisiana Colla genetic diversity revealed by microsatellite markers

Gene Flow and Genetic Structure Reveal Reduced Diversity between Generations of a Tropical Tree, Manilkara multifida Penn., in Atlantic Forest Fragments

Global genetic diversity status and trends: towards a suite of Essential Biodiversity Variables (EBVs) for genetic composition

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