“…In sharp contrast, some scholars argue that Walmart’s growth has had no statistically significant long-run impact on small businesses (e.g., Hicks, 2009; Sobel & Dean, 2008). Others report mixed results, demonstrating that the impact of a big box entry depends on the proximity, industry, and scale of the existing businesses (Basker, 2003; Haltiwanger et al, 2010; Hicks et al, 2012; Merriman et al, 2012; Sciara et al, 2018).…”