The impact of a water wedge on a wall

Abstract

This paper is intended to give some indication of the impact forces of a water wave on a wall. The effect of gravity forces in the small time interval of impact considered will be small and is neglected. The shape of the wave before impact is considered to be a two-dimensional wedge which is assumed to strike a wall at right angles to its path. The wedge is assumed to be infinite in extent and to have uniform translational velocity V before impact. The choice of a wedge shape enables the problem to be formulated in terms of similarity variables x/Vty/Vt, where the origin of the x, y plane is at the initial point of contact of the vertex of the wedge with the wall. The solution presented here can be easily adapted to the problem of an axi-symmetric cone of water striking a wall, but this is not pursued in the present paper.

Large-scale experiments on tsunami-induced pressure on a vertical tide wall

“…Theoretical solutions to this problem can be applied to the prediction of the impact load on a ship body striking a water surface. By contrast, in the case of the impact of a tsunami bore on a vertical tide wall, the angle between the water surface and the rigid surface is obtuse, as assumed in the theory developed by Cumberbatch (1960).…”

“…Thus, the applicability of the theory is limited to the time period during which the contribution of dynamic pressures is dominant in the pressure profile on the wall in comparison to the hydrostatic pressure. Cumberbatch (1960) proposed approximate and matched solutions. The approximate solution is obtained by assuming an expansion of the flow equations in the region far from the vertical wall and is valid in that region.…”

“…However, these prediction methods do not distinguish among the three characteristic pressure patterns mentioned previously. Cumberbatch (1960) developed a theory for describing the impact of a water wedge on a vertical wall. The theory is based on assumptions of incompressible and inviscid fluid and irrotational flow without the effect of gravity.…”

Similarity solution for oblique water entry of an expanding paraboloid

“…However, there are many cases in which the flow is self-similar. When gravity is ignored under the condition of W/g T, where W is the impact speed, g the acceleration due to gravity and T the time that the impact has lasted, well-known examples in two dimensions include those studied by Cumberbatch (1960) for a liquid wedge impacting on a flat wall and Dobrovol'skaya (1969) and Zhao & Faltinsen (1993) include the papers by Semenov & Iafrati (2006) for water entry of an asymmetric wedge, Xu, Duan & Wu (2008) for oblique water entry of an asymmetric wedge, Wu (2007) and Duan, Xu & Wu (2009) for impact between a liquid wedge and a solid wedge, and Semenov, Wu & Oliver (2013) on the impact of two liquid wedges. A related self-similar 2D problem is the one investigated by Keller, Milewski & Vanden-Broeck (2002), which involves the merging of two liquid wedges with the surface-tension effect.…”

Mean Normalized Force Computation for Different Types of Obstacles due to Dam Break Using Statistical Techniques

“…First experimental and analytical researches which tried to quantify forces due to hydraulic bore reach dates back to Cumberbatch [6], who tried to estimate tsunami impact on the wall and gave solution of a two dimensional fluid impact on a vertical wall. Cross [7] studied surge impact on vertical walls and improved formula of Cumberbatch [6] by adding gravity forces [Equation (5)]:…”