The Impact of a Simple Representation of Non-Structural Carbohydrates on the Simulated Response of Tropical Forests to Drought

Jones, Simon Peyton; Rowland, Lucy; Cox, Peter M.; Hemming, Debbie; Wiltshire, Andy; Williams, Karina; Parazoo, Nicholas C.; Liu, Junjie; Costa, Antonio; Meir, Patrick; Mencuccini, Maurizio; Harper, Anna

doi:10.5194/bg-2019-452

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 48 publications

(80 reference statements)

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“…We therefore created a new function in the SEIB-DGVM to represent the NSC dynamics of individual trees. How NSC is produced, stored, and distributed among different plant organs under environmental stress is poorly understood (Jones et al, 2019;Rademacher et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2021). Our enhanced model improves the physiological simulation of the leaf life cycle and enhances understanding of how NSC affects the distribution of vegetation, gross primary production (GPP), net primary production (NPP), and carbon stocks as well as tree dynamics (age, height, and trunk diameter) at global scales in the future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of non-structural carbohydrate dynamics by the spatially explicitly individual-based dynamic global vegetation model SEIB-DGVM (SEIB-DGVM-NSC ver1.0)

Ninomiya

Kato

Végh

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Abstract. Forest dynamics need to be considered when estimating the global carbon budget. The alteration of forest structure and function under a changing climate and expanding human activity could lead to a reduction of forest canopy cover and a spread of lower-biomass ecosystems in warm and dry regions. Non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) acts as a storage buffer between carbon supplied by assimilation and carbon consumed by, inter alia, respiration, reproduction, and pests. Estimation of NSC concentrations in a tree is very important for accurate projection of future forest dynamics. We developed a new NSC module for incorporation into a spatially explicit, individual-based, dynamic global vegetation model (SEIB-DGVM) to validate the simulated NSC dynamics with observations. NSC pools were simulated in three plant organs: leaves, trunk, and roots. The seasonal dynamics of the NSCs varied among plant species, and the sizes of the NSC pools inferred from observations differed between the boreal, temperate, and tropical climates. The NSC models were therefore validated for each of the three climatic regions at both point and global scales to assess the performance of the models. The modeled NSCs showed good agreement in seasonality with the observed NSCs at four sites – Canada (boreal), Austria and Switzerland (temperate), and Panama (tropical) – and in mean values for three climate zones derived from the global NSC dataset. The SEIB-DGVM-NSCv1.0 is expected to enable simulation of biome shifts caused by the changes of NSC dynamics worldwide. These dynamics will contribute to changes of not only the global carbon cycle but also of forest structure and demography at a global scale.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of non-structural carbohydrate dynamics by the spatially explicitly individual-based dynamic global vegetation model SEIB-DGVM (SEIB-DGVM-NSC ver1.0)

Ninomiya

Kato

Végh

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Non-structural carbohydrates mediate seasonal water stress across Amazon forests

et al. 2021

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Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) are major substrates for plant metabolism and have been implicated in mediating drought-induced tree mortality. Despite their significance, NSC dynamics in tropical forests remain little studied. We present leaf and branch NSC data for 82 Amazon canopy tree species in six sites spanning a broad precipitation gradient. During the wet season, total NSC (NSCT) concentrations in both organs were remarkably similar across communities. However, NSCT and its soluble sugar (SS) and starch components varied much more across sites during the dry season. Notably, the proportion of leaf NSCT in the form of SS (SS:NSCT) increased greatly in the dry season in almost all species in the driest sites, implying an important role of SS in mediating water stress in these sites. This adjustment of leaf NSC balance was not observed in tree species less-adapted to water deficit, even under exceptionally dry conditions. Thus, leaf carbon metabolism may help to explain floristic sorting across water availability gradients in Amazonia and enable better prediction of forest responses to future climate change.

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Development and calibration of the FSPM CPlantBox to represent the interactions between water and carbon fluxes in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum

Giraud

Gall

Harings

et al. 2023

Preprint

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A plant's development is strongly linked to the water and carbon flows in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. Expected climate shifts will alter the water and carbon cycles and affect plant phenotypes. Comprehensive models which simulate mechanistically and dynamically the feedback loops between a plant's three-dimensional development and the water and carbon flows are useful tools to evaluate the sustainability of genotype-environment-management combinations which do not yet exist. In this study, we present the latest version of the open-source three-dimensional Functional-Structural Plant Model CPlantBox with PiafMunch and DuMu$^\mathrm{x}$ coupling. We simulated semi-mechanistically the development of generic C3 monocots from 10 to 25 days after sowing and undergoing an atmospheric dry spell of one week (no precipitation). We compared the results for dry spells starting on different days (day 11 or 18) and with different climates (wetter and colder against drier and warmer atmospheric and initial soil conditions). Compared with the wetter and colder climate, the dry spell with the drier and warmer climate led to a lower instantaneous water use efficiency. Moreover, the lower symplasm turgor for the drier and warmer climate limited the growth, which made the sucrose available for other processes, such as maintenance respiration. Both of these effects were stronger for the later dry spell compared with the early dry spell under the drier and warmer climate. We could thus use CPlantBox to simulate diverging emerging processes (like carbon partitioning) defining the plants' phenotypic plasticity response to their environment.

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The Impact of a Simple Representation of Non-Structural Carbohydrates on the Simulated Response of Tropical Forests to Drought

Cited by 3 publications

References 48 publications

Modeling of non-structural carbohydrate dynamics by the spatially explicitly individual-based dynamic global vegetation model SEIB-DGVM (SEIB-DGVM-NSC ver1.0)

Modeling of non-structural carbohydrate dynamics by the spatially explicitly individual-based dynamic global vegetation model SEIB-DGVM (SEIB-DGVM-NSC ver1.0)

Non-structural carbohydrates mediate seasonal water stress across Amazon forests

Development and calibration of the FSPM CPlantBox to represent the interactions between water and carbon fluxes in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum

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