The IL‐17 Cytokine Family

Secukinumab: A New Treatment Option for Psoriatic Arthritis

“…T cells are more abundant in the synovial fluid of patients with PsA, compared to healthy individuals, and the levels of these cells positively correlate with measures of disease activity and joint damage progression [33] Fig. 1) [29,[36][37][38][39].…”

APC-derived cytokines and T cell polarization in autoimmune inflammation

“…IL-17 (also known as IL-17A) is a proinflammatory cytokine that induces the expression of IL-1, IL-6, G-CSF, as well as chemokines, by cells such as fibroblasts, stromal cells, and endothelial cells (45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51). It is secreted by CD4 + Th17 cells, which characteristically also produce IL-17F (another IL-17 family member, with the closest sequence identity to IL-17A), IL-6, TNF-α (44, 52), and IL-22 (53)(54)(55).…”

Impact of HIV Infection and HAART Therapy on CD4 T Helper Cell Subset Expression and Function

“…The differentiation of Th17 subset is driven by the combination of TGF-and IL-6 which upregulate the transcription factor ROR t (McGeachy, Chen et al, 2009). Th17 cells mediate inflammation through upregulation of chemokine and inflammatory cytokine expression, and recruitment of macrophages and neutrophils (Gaffen, Kramer et al, 2006;Korn, Bettelli et al, 2009). The inflammatory response is amplified by the presence of all these factors, resulting in a greater inflammation than the response from Th1/Th2 cells.…”

“…The inflammatory response is amplified by the presence of all these factors, resulting in a greater inflammation than the response from Th1/Th2 cells. Th17 cells have been demonstrated to be specifically involved in immunity against Toxoplasma gondii, Candida albicans, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Conti, Shen et al, 2009;Gaffen, Kramer, Yu, & Shen, 2006;Korn, Bettelli, Oukka, & Kuchroo, 2009). However a role for Th17 cells in the regulation of virus infection has been a recent focal area of research, particularly in the case of HIV.…”