The IGRA Tests: Where Are We Now?

Kwiatkowska, Sylwia

doi:10.5603/piap.2015.0015

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, this assay is less susceptible to false-positive results from BCG inoculation or NTM infection and is more sensitive than the TST for patients who are immunosuppressed and children (7,8). However, the IGRA cannot distinguish latent from active TB (9). Neither the TST nor IGRA measures the infection, but rather the immunological memory, which can result from current or past active TB or from subclinical infection resulting in LTBI.…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparative Results of QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube and QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus Assays for Detection of Tuberculosis Infection in Clinical Samples

et al. 2020

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The QuantiFERON-TB Gold plus (QFT-Plus) assay, an interferon gamma (IFN-γ) release assay (IGRA), was recently introduced as the next version of the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) assay for diagnosing latent tuberculosis (TB). Whereas the QFT-GIT assay uses only one TB tube that induces a cell-mediated immune (CMI) response of CD4+ T cells, the QFT-Plus has an additional TB antigen 2 tube (TB2) for the CMI response of CD8+ T and CD4+ T cells, in addition to a TB antigen 1 (TB1) tube for the CMI response of CD4+ T cells only. We compared the results of the QFT-Plus and QFT-GIT assays as routine clinical tests for diagnosing TB. Samples from 220 patients referred for routine IGRA in various clinical departments were used. Correlations between IFN-γ levels in the QFT-GIT and QFT-Plus assays were strong and showed good agreement (kappa value = 0.69). Seven cases with positive QFT-GIT assay results and negative QFT-Plus assay results showed IFN-γ values near the cutoff value. However, 10 cases with active TB, recent TB, or immune problems showed discordance with the positive results only in the TB2 tube in QFT-Plus, unlike the negative results in TB1 and TB tubes. In these cases, IFN-γ levels in the TB2 tube were significantly higher than those in other tubes. This is the first study to compare these assays as routine IGRAs in the clinical setting. The QFT-Plus assay showed good agreement with the QFT-GIT assay and is presumably advantageous for patients with active TB, recent TB, and specific immune conditions involving CD8+ T-cell responses.

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confidence: 99%

Comparative Results of QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube and QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus Assays for Detection of Tuberculosis Infection in Clinical Samples

et al. 2020

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“…For patients with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis, 14.3% of Xpert MTB/RIF positive patients were culture negative and potentially false-positive [ 7 ]. In addition, some methods cannot distinguish active TB (ATB) from LTBI [e.g., interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs)] [ 10 ]. It is challenging to differentiate ATB from LTBI and other respiratory diseases, and misdiagnosis often occurs [ 11 , 12 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis specific antigen-stimulated CD27−CD38+IFN-γ+CD4+ T cells for discrimination of active tuberculosis

et al. 2022

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Background Active tuberculosis (ATB) originates from primary Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection or reactivation of latent tuberculosis. Besides bacteriological examination, MTB-reactive immunocytes detection can be an alternative testing for discrimination of active tuberculosis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the accuracy of peripheral blood CD27−CD38+IFN-γ+CD4+T cells in ATB diagnosis. Methods This prospective diagnostic accuracy study was conducted at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital between January 2019 and December 2021. Patients with ATB, non-tuberculosis mycobacterium infection (NTM), latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), other respiratory diseases (OD), and healthy individuals (HC) were enrolled. The accuracy of CD27−CD38+IFN-γ+CD4+/CD4+ and other phenotypic markers for ATB diagnosis was assessed. Results A total of 376 patients (237 ATB, 38 LTBI, 8 NTM, 50 OD, and 43 HC) were enrolled. The ratios of CD4+IFN-γ+CD27− and CD4+IFN-γ+CD27−CD38+ profiles in CD4+IFN−γ+ cells and the ratios of CD4+IFN-γ+CD38+, CD4+IFN-γ+CD27−, and CD4+IFN-γ+CD38+CD27− profiles in CD4+ cells in the ATB group were significantly higher than in the other groups. The area under the curve (AUC) of CD27−CD38+IFN-γ+CD4+/CD4+ for the diagnosis of ATB was the highest, with a value of 0.890. With the optimal cutoff value of 1.34 × 10–4, the sensitivity and specificity of CD27−CD38+IFN-γ+CD4+/CD4+ for ATB diagnosis was 0.869 and 0.849, respectively. Conclusion CD27−CD38+IFN-γ+CD4+/CD4+ might be a potential biomarker for active tuberculosis diagnosis.

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In search of biomarkers for leprosy by unraveling the host immune response to Mycobacterium leprae

Hooij

Geluk

2021

Immunological Reviews

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The IGRA Tests: Where Are We Now?

Abstract: In the early 1990s, WHO declared TB a global emergency [...]

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Comparative Results of QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube and QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus Assays for Detection of Tuberculosis Infection in Clinical Samples

Comparative Results of QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube and QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus Assays for Detection of Tuberculosis Infection in Clinical Samples

Evaluation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis specific antigen-stimulated CD27−CD38+IFN-γ+CD4+ T cells for discrimination of active tuberculosis

In search of biomarkers for leprosy by unraveling the host immune response to Mycobacterium leprae

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