The IGF system

Annunziata, Marta; Granata, Riccarda; Ghigo, Ezio

doi:10.1007/s00592-010-0227-z

Cited by 166 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…Six IGFBPs (IGFBP 1-6) bind blood IGFs, and the IGFBPs may alter the biological effects of IGFs action (I and II) [54]. IGFBP-3 increases the half-life of IGF-I in the blood, while enchased IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 enables IGF-I to pass though the capillary walls into the extracellular space where it affects glucose metabolism.…”

Section: Igf Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine And Metabolic Adaptations Of Calves To Extra-Uterine Life

Kirovski

2015

Acta Veterinaria

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The transition from intra-to extra-uterine life is one of the greatest physiological challenges that occur in the life of animals. Immediately after birth, newborn calves have to adapt to new environmental and feeding conditions. Namely, at birth a break of the thermal balance occurs, since calves abruptly pass from a 38.8°C temperature in utero to an environmental temperature that is generally lower than 20°C. Additionally, at birth, the energy intake shifts from a continuous parenteral supply of nutrients (mainly glucose) to discontinuous colostrum and milk intake with lactose and fat as the main energy sources. Therefore, the most important issues related to metabolic changes during the transition from intra-to extra-uterine life are related to maintaining the homoeothermic conditions and control of energy metabolism. Those metabolic adaptations are under control of the endocrine system that is relatively mature at birth, but still requires morphological and functional changes after birth. Key hormones whose concentrations are signifi cantly changed around birth and are involved in an adequate adaptation of calves to extra-uterine life are those related to stress at birth (cortisol and cathecholamines), glucoregulatory processes (insulin and glucagon), thermogenesis (thyroid hormones) and growth (IGF axis).

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Section: Igf Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine And Metabolic Adaptations Of Calves To Extra-Uterine Life

Kirovski

2015

Acta Veterinaria

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“…After binding of the ligand to the IGF-IR extracellular subunit, the receptors become activated resulting in phosphorylation of various substrates, including the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and the adaptor proteins Shc and Grb2. Receptor activation leads to activation of the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway (11). In the PI3K-Akt pathway, activated PI3K phosphorylates phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], converting PI(4,5)P2 to PI(3,4,5)P3, a lipid second messenger (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a hot water extract of Chlorella vulgaris on proliferation of IEC-6 cells

2012

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Abstract. Chlorella vulgaris, a unicellular microalgae, exerts various biological effects; however their effect on proliferation signaling pathways in normal cells has not been studied. We investigated the effect of hot water extracts of Chlorella vulgaris (CVE) on cell proliferation and related signaling pathways in rat intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6). CVE increased the expression of insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) and the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Src. In addition, CVE induced activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathways. We verified the increased phosphorylation of extracellular-signal-related kinase (ERK) and Akt and the increased expression of the PI3K regulatory subunit p85. CVE also influenced the canonical Wnt pathway through increased expression of the nuclear β-catenin, cyclin D1. Tyr-397 of FAK mediates interactions with Src homology 2 (SH2) domains in a number of other signaling proteins, including PI3K, PLC-γ, Shc, Grb7, Src and Nck2. Because CVE induced FAK activation, FAK may affect the Wnt pathway. Addition of a FAK inhibitor decreased the expression of nuclear β-catenin, cyclin D1 and c-myc, and increased the expression of cytosolic β-catenin. We conclude that CVE stimulated proliferation of IEC-6 cells via the MAPK, PI3K/Akt and canonical Wnt pathways, and that this affected the canonical Wnt pathway.

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“…IGF1R is an important oncogene, which is often mutated or overexpressed in many human tumors including RCC [27]. It has been well demonstrated that IGF1R mediates tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, migration, and apoptosis [28][29][30]. Furthermore, a growing body of evidence points out that IGF1R is essential for oncogenic transformation and is responsible for critical process of the metastatic cascade such as angiogenesis, cell adhesion, migration, and invasion [30,31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA-182 suppresses clear cell renal cell carcinoma migration and invasion by targeting IGF1R

Wang¹,

H²,

L³

et al. 2016

neo

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The purpose of our study was aimed to determine the functional role of microRNA (miR)-182 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and try to clarify its underlying molecular mechanism. Expression of miR-182 in both cancer and peripheral blood samples was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Human RCC line Caki-1 cells were transfected with miR-182 mimic, miR-182 inhibitor, or negative controls, and then the cell viability, colony-formation ability, migration, and invasion assay were determined. Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to determine whether insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) was a target of miR-182. Further, small interfering RNA (siRNA) against IGF1R was co-transfected with miR-182 inhibitor into cells, and then the effects on migration and invasion were assessed. MiR-182 was down-regulated in both cancer and blood samples compared to the matched non-tumor adjacent tissues and healthy volunteers, respectively (both P<0.05). Compared to the control group, cell viability, colony-forming ability, and numbers of migrated and invaded cells were significantly decreased by transfection with miR-182 mimic but were markedly increased by miR-182 inhibitor (all P < 0.05). Luciferase reporter assay confirmed that IGF1R was a target gene of miR-182, and IGF1R was negatively regulated by miR-182. Co-transfection of miR-182 inhibitor with si-IGF1R reversed the effect of miR-182 inhibitor on the migration and invasion of the cells. MiR-182 functions as an anti-oncogene in ccRCC, and miR-182-mediated inhibition of cell migration and invasion might be through directly targeting IGF1R. Key words: MicroRNA-182, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, migration and invasion, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptorRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common malignant tumor of adult kidney and accounts for approximately 3% of adult cancers with a high mortality at over 40% [1,2]. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most frequent subtype of RCC accounting for about 75-80% of the tumor [3]. Despite a tremendous advance has been made in available treatments, the prognosis still remains dismal for locally advanced and metastatic RCC [4]. It has been reported that up to 30-40% of patients with RCC present with metastatic disease even after radical resections [5]. Therefore, it is necessary to provide knowledge of molecule mechanisms controlling the metastatic and invasive potential of RCC.MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small and non-coding RNA molecules that regulate mRNA transcription and translation by base pairing with the 3' untranslated region (UTR) [6]. It has been well demonstrated that miRNAs are involved in the development and progression of various cancers by regulating cell proliferation, invasion, and migration [7,8]. Recently, emerging evidence has suggested the significant roles of miRNAs in RCC [9][10][11]. Among miRNAs, miR-182 was recently found to be associated with the invasive and/or metastatic potential of prostate cancer [12], melanoma [13], an...

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The IGF system

Cited by 166 publications

References 112 publications

Endocrine And Metabolic Adaptations Of Calves To Extra-Uterine Life

Endocrine And Metabolic Adaptations Of Calves To Extra-Uterine Life

Effect of a hot water extract of Chlorella vulgaris on proliferation of IEC-6 cells

MicroRNA-182 suppresses clear cell renal cell carcinoma migration and invasion by targeting IGF1R

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