The Identification of Vaginal<i>Lactobacillus</i>Species and the Demographic and Microbiologic Characteristics of Women Colonized by These Species

Antonio, May A. D.; Hawes, Stephen E.; Hillier, Sharon L.

doi:10.1086/315109

Cited by 448 publications

(397 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…However, some other studies found that only one Lactobacillus species colonized vagina (Antonio et al, 1999;Zhou et al, 2004;Kiss et al, 2007). These varying results might be due to differences in the study population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…These varying results might be due to differences in the study population. Antonio et al (1999) and Kiss et al (2007) evaluated the vaginal Lactobacillus microbiota in pregnant women, while Zozaya-Hinchliffe et al (2010) investigated non-pregnant women. It is well known that the vaginal microbiota differs between pregnant and none-pregnant women due to hormonal difference Heinemann & Reid, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although these methods provide valuable information concerning the microbial composition of the vagina, they have limitations due to the fact that only a minority of bacterial species can be successfully cultured and isolated in laboratory conditions (Heilig et al, 2002;Fredricks et al, 2005;Hyman et al, 2005;Garg et al, 2009). Today, most studies apply culture-independent techniques to evaluate microbial communities such as the vaginal microbiota (Antonio et al, 1999;Heilig et al, 2002). These techniques are based on the analysis of DNA without relying on cultivation of the bacteria and can yield valuable information about the complexity of the microbial community (Byun et al, 2004;Bradshaw et al, 2006b;Ferris et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Qualitative and semiquantitative analysis of Lactobacillus species in the vaginas of healthy fertile and postmenopausal Chinese women

Zhang

Daroczy

Xiao

et al. 2012

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and quantity of Lactobacillus species in the vaginas of healthy Chinese women. Vaginal samples from 92 fertile and 22 postmenopausal healthy Chinese women were analysed using a 16S rRNA gene clone library and species-specific PCR followed by sequencing and real-time PCR. A total of 13 different Lactobacillus species were detected. Species-specific PCR showed that 3 % of the fertile women were colonized by one species of Lactobacillus and 97 % were colonized by two or more species. Among the postmenopausal women, 91 % were colonized by one species of Lactobacillus and 9 % were colonized by two species. In the fertile women, L. iners (82.61 %), L. crispatus (70.65 %) and L. gasseri (67.39 %) were more prevalent than L. jenseniireuteri and L. delbrueckii were not detected, and the other 10 species were detected in just a few samples. The prevalence of these species according to the clone library differed from the prevalence indicated by the species-specific PCR. According to the semiquantitative analysis, the total Lactobacillus DNA concentrations were higher in fertile women than in postmenopausal women. Sixty-one per cent of the fertile women were predominantly colonized by L. iners, 35 % by L. crispatus, and 2 % by L. gasseri. Associations between pairs of Lactobacillus species in fertile women were significant (P,0.05) between the following pairs: L. iners and L. gasseri, L. iners and L. jensenii, L. iners and L. acidophilus, L. gasseri and L. acidophilus, and L. gasseri and L. jensenii. In conclusion, this study provided detailed information on Lactobacillus species colonizing the vaginas of healthy Chinese fertile and postmenopausal women. The study also showed that the diversity of Lactobacillus species in fertile women was higher than in postmenopausal women. According to our study, different techniques, such as species-specific PCR and comparison against a 16S rRNA gene clone library, resulted in different findings regarding species prevalence. These findings highlight the importance of standardization of techniques used for evaluation of bacterial communities. According to our findings regarding species associations, L. iners and L. gasseri may have influences on colonization and proliferation of other vaginal Lactobacillus species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Qualitative and semiquantitative analysis of Lactobacillus species in the vaginas of healthy fertile and postmenopausal Chinese women

Zhang

Daroczy

Xiao

et al. 2012

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…Therefore, both the type and number of DC-stimulating bacteria may be limiting factors for activation of DC by normal flora. Lactobacillus crispatus is found frequently in normal flora but at much lower levels in subjects with BV, whereas L. inners is found in subjects with and without BV [45]. In terms of the number of bacteria present in the genital tract, there can be greater than 10 8 lactobacilli/ml in CVL samples in women with healthy vaginal flora [40,44,46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dendritic cell activation and maturation induced by mucosal fluid from women with bacterial vaginosis

John

Martinson

Simões

et al. 2007

Clinical Immunology

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Dendritic cells (DC) at mucosal surfaces mature when exposed to "danger" signals such as LPS. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a prevalent alteration of the vaginal bacterial flora associated with preterm childbirth and increased risk for HIV acquisition. We examined the effect of mucosal fluid from women with BV or healthy flora on DC function. IL-12, IL-23 and p40 production by monocytederived dendritic cells (MDDC) were all induced by BV samples. Activation/maturation markers HLA-DR, CD40, and CD83 on MDDC incubated with BV CVL were also induced. BV CVL also decreased the endocytic ability of MDDC and increased proliferation of T-cells in allogeneic MLR. Plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) CD86 expression was induced by BV CVL. Healthy flora CVL had little effect in any of the tests. This study suggests that BV, but not healthy flora, affects local dendritic cell function in vivo suggesting a mechanism through which BV affects mucosal immunity.

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“…There are at least five Lactobacillus species that can colonize the vagina: Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus jensenii, Lactobacillus vaginalis and Lactobacillus iners (Antonio et al, 1999;Fettweis et al, 2014;Madhivanan et al, 2015;Wilks et al, 2004). Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common clinical condition characterized by a dramatic increase in both bacterial species diversity and overall bacterial burden.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Lactobacillus crispatus isolates from Lactobacillus-dominated vaginal microbiomes with isolates from microbiomes containing bacterial vaginosis-associated bacteria

et al. 2016

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Vaginal lactobacilli can inhibit colonization by and growth of other bacteria, thereby preventing development of bacterial vaginosis (BV). Amongst the lactobacilli, Lactobacillus crispatus appears to be particularly effective at inhibiting growth of BV-associated bacteria. Nonetheless, some women who are colonized with this species can still develop clinical BV. Therefore, we sought to determine whether strains of L. crispatus that colonize women with lactobacillidominated vaginal microbiomes are distinct from strains that colonize women who develop BV. The genomes of L. crispatus isolates from four women with lactobacilli-dominated vaginal microbiomes (,1 % 16S rRNA reads above threshold from genera other than Lactobacillus) and four women with microbiomes containing BV-associated bacteria (.12 % 16S rRNA reads from bacterial taxa associated with BV) were sequenced and compared. Lactic acid production by the different strains was quantified. Phage induction in the strains was also analysed. There was considerable genetic diversity between strains, and several genes were exclusive to either the strains from Lactobacillus-dominated microbiomes or those containing BV-associated bacteria. Overall, strains from microbiomes dominated by lactobacilli did not differ from strains from microbiomes containing BV-associated bacteria with respect to lactic acid production. All of the strains contained multiple phage, but there was no clear distinction between the presence or absence of BV-associated bacteria with respect to phage-induced lysis. Genes found to be exclusive to the Lactobacillus-dominated versus BV-associated bacteria-containing microbiomes could play a role in the maintenance of vaginal health and the development of BV, respectively.

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The Identification of VaginalLactobacillusSpecies and the Demographic and Microbiologic Characteristics of Women Colonized by These Species

Cited by 448 publications

References 33 publications

Qualitative and semiquantitative analysis of Lactobacillus species in the vaginas of healthy fertile and postmenopausal Chinese women

Qualitative and semiquantitative analysis of Lactobacillus species in the vaginas of healthy fertile and postmenopausal Chinese women

Dendritic cell activation and maturation induced by mucosal fluid from women with bacterial vaginosis

Comparison of Lactobacillus crispatus isolates from Lactobacillus-dominated vaginal microbiomes with isolates from microbiomes containing bacterial vaginosis-associated bacteria

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