The Identification of Araliaceae Species by ITS2 Genetic Barcoding and Pollen Morphology

Reunov, A. A.; Реунова, Г. Д.; Atopkin, D. M.; Reunova, Yulia; Музарок, Т. И.; Zakharov, Evgeny; Zhuravlev, Yuri N.

doi:10.1055/s-0043-114425

Cited by 4 publications

References 36 publications

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In the Asia-Pacific region, the COI DNA test revealed the divergence of the bivalve mollusc Mactra chinensis into three species; can these species be distinguished using shell coloration and sperm structure?

et al. 2021

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According to COI DNA barcoding testing, the marine bivalve mollusc Mactra chinensis, which is native to the Asia-Pacific region, diverged into three species. These species were preliminary characterized as M. chinensis COI clade I, M. chinensis COI clade II and M. chinensis COI clade III. To find out whether it is possible to morphologically distinguish samples representing genetic clades, we examined the color of the shells and the structure of the spermatozoa. It was found that the number of detected coloration types exceeds the number of detected species. In addition, it was shown that individuals belonging to the same genetic clade can have shells of different colors. Consequently, it is impossible to choose one type of shell coloration as a species-specific trait. For sperm, the sperm morphological patterns found in each of the three species are consistent with the M. chinensis sperm model described in previous reports. However, the single sperm variant is also not applicable to discriminate between species derived from M. chinensis, since heterogeneous variants of spermatozoa differing in the length of the acrosomal rod were found. We hypothesized that genetic divergence of species could cause a shift towards predominance of one of the sperm variants, and that species-specific sperm morphs could be quantitatively dominant in molluscs belonging to different clades. However, the dominant sperm morphs were the same in COI clade I and COI clade III. Thus, dominant sperm morphs are useless as species-specific traits. However, shell color and sperm parameters are specific to different geographic regions, and it seems that unique environmental factors can determine shell color and sperm morphology. As a result, both shells and spermatozoa can be used to distinguish the geographical forms of M. chinensis, regardless of the belonging of the forms to a particular genetic clade. Here we propose the introduction of geographic identifiers, in which the shell color and parameters of sperm sets are used as morphological criteria to determine the geographical origin of mollusc specimens belonging to the M. chinensis species complex.

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In the Asia-Pacific region, the COI DNA test revealed the divergence of the bivalve mollusc Mactra chinensis into three species; can these species be distinguished using shell coloration and sperm structure?

et al. 2021

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The morphological diversity of pollen in the genus Gossypium

et al. 2023

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Background Plant pollen has diverse morphological characteristics that can be consistently passed down from generation to generation. Information on pollen morphology is thus immensely important for plant classification and identification. In the genus Gossypium, however, in-depth research on pollen morphology is lacking, with only few reports on limited cotton species. To evaluate the diversity of pollen in Gossypium, we therefore conducted a comprehensive analysis of the pollen morphology of 33 cotton species and varieties using scanning electron microscopy. Results The 33 analyzed cotton samples exhibited common pollen morphological features, including spherical shapes, radial symmetry, echination, panporation, and operculation, while the pollen size, spine shape, spine density and length showed distinctive features. Pollen size varied significantly among species, with diameters ranging from 62.43 μm in G. harknessii to 103.41 μm in G. barbadense. The exine had an echinate sculptural texture, and spines were mostly conical or sharply conical but occasionally rod-like. Spine density varied from 173 in G. incanum to 54 in G. gossypioides, while spine length ranged from 3.53 μm in G. herbaceum to 9.47 μm in G. barbadense. In addition, the 33 cotton species and varieties were grouped at a genetic distance of 3.83 into three clusters. Cluster I comprised five allotetraploid AD-genome cotton species, four D-genome species, and one K-genome species. Cluster II included 13 diploid species from A, B, D, E, and G genomes, whereas Cluster III only consisted one E-genome species G. incanum. Conclusions Although pollen characteristics alone are not enough to resolve taxonomic and systematic relationships within the genus Gossypium, our results add to knowledge on palynomorphology and contribute to phenological information on these taxa. Our findings should aid future systematic and phylogenetic studies of the Gossypium genus.

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Pharmacognostical study of Desmodium caudatum

Lin

Tang

et al. 2019

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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Desmodium caudatum (Thunb.) DC, is an evergreen plant widely used in the central and southern China with great economic value for their medical values on fever, dysentery, gastroenteritis, rectal prolapse, snake bites, mastitis, and boils carbuncle. Despite its extensive uses as a traditional Chinese medicine, no systematic research on the identification of Desmodium caudatum has been reported. In this study, traditional pharmacognostical identification including the botanical origin and morphological characters, medicinal material characters, microscopic characters, physicochemical parameters determination and phytochemical screening, and DNA barcoding analysis were employed to establish an accurate and effective identification system of Desmodium caudatum. In addition, the molecular pharmacognosy study was adopted in order to identify the samples more accurately. The ITS loci of the nuclear genome and psbA-trnH loci of the chloroplast genome were selected and evaluated, which were the most variable loci. The study will be beneficial to the development of the quality standard and the identification of species.

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The Identification of Araliaceae Species by ITS2 Genetic Barcoding and Pollen Morphology

Cited by 4 publications

References 36 publications

In the Asia-Pacific region, the COI DNA test revealed the divergence of the bivalve mollusc Mactra chinensis into three species; can these species be distinguished using shell coloration and sperm structure?

In the Asia-Pacific region, the COI DNA test revealed the divergence of the bivalve mollusc Mactra chinensis into three species; can these species be distinguished using shell coloration and sperm structure?

The morphological diversity of pollen in the genus Gossypium

Pharmacognostical study of Desmodium caudatum

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