The identification of Anaplasma spp. isolated from fallow deer (Dama dama) on a free-range farm in eastern Poland

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of Anaplasma spp. in group of 50 fallow deer (Dama dama) from free-range farm in eastern Poland and determine what species of Anaplasma could infect these animals based on PCR gene sequencing. The PCR technique revealed the presence of 16S RNA Anaplasma spp. genetic material in the blood of 7 out of 50 examined animals. The sequences of the PCR products obtained showed a 100% homology with each other and 100% homology with GU 183908 sequence of A. phagocytophilum, isolated in our earlier study from a horse with clinical form of anaplasmosis. Here, we report the first molecular evidence of Anaplasma spp. among naturally infected fallow deer in eastern Poland.

Three clinical cases of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in cats in Poland

“…10,11 The reservoirs of rickettsias are rodents and wild ruminantas. 7,12 Feline anaplasmosis is a relatively rare disease, as evidenced by the many clinical reviews on this subject. There are only a few specific reports that include detailed case descriptions regarding the disease in domestic cats.…”

“…2,3 The absolute confirmation of their presence was the detection of rickettsia genetic material in ticks and wild ruminants and horses coming from various regions of the country. [4][5][6][7] Before that, anaplasmosis had never been diagnosed in cats in Poland. In other regions of the world the disease is diagnosed rarely in this species.…”

Molecular detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in eastern Poland

“…The current study has proved the presence of AP in roe deer in eastern Poland. The presence of these pathogens has also been reported in the blood of wild animals in Europe [13][14][15][20][21][22]. The main reservoir of AP in nature are forest rodents [23] and members of the deer family [24].…”

“…There is little information about the presence of AP in wildlife in eastern Poland [11][12][13][14][15][16], thus the aim of this study was to determine the presence of A. phagocytophilum in roe deer in this part of the country.…”

Detection of canine vector-borne diseases in eastern Poland by ELISA and PCR

“…Infections with A. phagocytophilum , the causative agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis, have been increasingly diagnosed in both companion and farm animals in Poland (Adaszek et al 2009 ; Zygner et al 2009 ; Dzięgiel et al 2013 ). This pathogen has also been found in the blood of game animals (Adaszek et al 2012 ; Dzięgiel et al 2015 ). A. phagocytophilum usually causes an acute infection in dogs, characterized by fever and thrombocytopenia, although subclinical infections have been reported.…”