ThepetDgroup II intron as a species level marker: utility for tree inference and species identification in the diverse genusCampanula (Campanulaceae)

Abstract

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Pollen morphology of Campanula (Campanulaceae) and allied genera in Iran with special focus on its systematic implication

“…However, several previously introduced genera, such as Asyneuma and Phyteuma, nested within Rapunculus clade, while some others such as Michauxia and Trachelium located within Campanula clade (Roquet et al, 2008). The results of cpDNA petD group II intron sequence analysis show almost a similar topology as the former studies, but resolved several small monophyletic groups in the genus (Borsch et al, 2009).…”

“…Several characters of pollen were constant among different taxa studied, which can be regarded as characteristic for Campanula s. l. (including Asyneuma, Legousia, Michauxia, Theodorovia and Zeugandra), but a few characters regarding the exine microsculpturing have the potential to be used in delimitation of species and subgeneric taxa. As there are major contradictions between the results of recent phylogentic studies and classical taxonomy on Campanula and its allied genera (Borsch et al, 2009;Eddie et al, 2003;Roquet et al, 2008), micromorphological studies, particularly the palynomorphological ones, may provide some evidence for classification of the genus. Below we perform a discussion on variability and possible systematic implication of various characters surveyed in the present study.…”

“…Molecular phylogeny does not support the current sectional concept in subgen. Campanula (Park et al, 2006;Borsch et al, 2009;Haberle et al, 2009). Sect.…”

“…It is distributed almost throughout the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, with the highest diversity in the Mediterranean region extending to east Caucasus. Hotspots of endemism are found in the E Mediterranean, the Balkan region, the Caucasus and Turkey (Borsch et al, 2009). The species include annual, biennial and perennial plants that vary in habit from dwarf arctic and alpine species about five centimeters tall, to large temperate grassland and woodland species growing up to two meters.…”

Campanula alisan-kilincii (Campanulaceae), a new species from eastern Anatolia, Turkey

“…Its center of diversity is in the Mediterranean region extending to the East Caucasus. Endemic species are particularly concentrated in the eastern Mediterranean region, the Balkan Peninsula, the Caucasus, and Turkey (Borsch et al, 2009;Khansari et al, 2012).…”