The Human Vocal Fold Layers. Their Delineation Inside Vocal Fold as a Background to Create 3D Digital and Synthetic Glottal Model

Klepácek, I; Jirák, Daniel; Dušková‐Smrčková, Miroslava; Janoušková, Olga; Vampola, Tomáš

doi:10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.08.004

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Little information is available in the literature for the structure of vocalis at this scale. Regarding the multi-layered structure of the lamina propria and the epithelium , the existing information is mainly derived from standard 2D histological stainings 8 , 37 , 40 , 41 , micro-Magnetic Resonance Imaging techniques 17 with a restrained spatial resolution, or, in a growing number of studies, from non-linear laser scanning microscopy where some relevant quantitative structural descriptors were assessed for the ECM fibres and their networks 18 – 21 . In the present work, for the first time, the 3D hierarchical architecture of human vocal folds is revealed ex vivo by means of fast synchrotron X-ray microtomography with phase retrieval imaging mode, together with the use of a suitable contrast agent.…”

Section: Discussion and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This heterogeneous distribution in the vocal ligament is consistent with the structural measurements previously achieved by Klepacek et al . 17 using micro-MRI and plastination methods. It also supports the hypothesis that regions exposed to higher stresses in the vocal tissues are characterised by a higher density of fibrous proteins produced to strengthen the ECM 37 , 50 .…”

Section: Discussion and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… The 3D ex vivo observation of excised vocal folds at the (sub-)micron scale remains a challenge. Various imaging techniques have been tested, such as micro Magnetic Resonance Imaging 15 – 17 , multiphoton nonlinear laser scanning microscopy (NLSM) 18 – 21 and X-ray microtomography in standard absorption mode (see pretests in Fig. 1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D multiscale imaging of human vocal folds using synchrotron X-ray microtomography in phase retrieval mode

Bailly¹,

Cochereau²,

Orgéas³

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Human vocal folds possess outstanding abilities to endure large, reversible deformations and to vibrate up to more than thousand cycles per second. This unique performance mainly results from their complex specific 3D and multiscale structure, which is very difficult to investigate experimentally and still presents challenges using either confocal microscopy, MRI or X-ray microtomography in absorption mode. To circumvent these difficulties, we used high-resolution synchrotron X-ray microtomography with phase retrieval and report the first ex vivo 3D images of human vocal-fold tissues at multiple scales. Various relevant descriptors of structure were extracted from the images: geometry of vocal folds at rest or in a stretched phonatory-like position, shape and size of their layered fibrous architectures, orientation, shape and size of the muscle fibres as well as the set of collagen and elastin fibre bundles constituting these layers. The developed methodology opens a promising insight into voice biomechanics, which will allow further assessment of the micromechanics of the vocal folds and their vibratory properties. This will then provide valuable guidelines for the design of new mimetic biomaterials for the next generation of artificial larynges.

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Section: Discussion and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussion and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

3D multiscale imaging of human vocal folds using synchrotron X-ray microtomography in phase retrieval mode

Bailly¹,

Cochereau²,

Orgéas³

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In vivo scans in the same study did not reveal vocal fold tissue layers at 9.4T, even with IV contrast. Chen et al [22], Klepacek et al [23], and Wu and Zhang [24] each distinguished mucosa from muscle in human cadaveric larynges without contrast; however, field strength ranged from 4.7-7T and scan times ranged from 2–18 hours. Oleson et al [27] used a 7T system to demonstrate pre-post changes in rat vocal fold and salivary gland signal intensity after water deprivation, but again could not distinguish vocal fold tissue layers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic resonance imaging quantification of dehydration and rehydration in vocal fold tissue layers

et al. 2018

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Clinicians commonly recommend increased hydration to patients with voice disorders. However, effects on clinical voice outcome measures have been inconsistent. Hydration-induced change within different layers of vocal fold tissue is currently unknown. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a promising method of noninvasively measuring water content in vocal folds. We sought to image and quantify changes in water content within vocal fold mucosa and thyroarytenoid muscle after dehydration and rehydration. Excised porcine larynges were imaged using proton density (PD) weighted MRI (1) at baseline and (2) after immersion in one of five hypertonic, isotonic, or hypotonic solutions or in dry air. Larynges dehydrated in hypertonic solutions or dry air were rehydrated and imaged a third time. Scans revealed fluid-rich vocal fold mucosa that was distinct from muscle at baseline. Baseline normalized signal intensity in mucosa and muscle varied by left vs. right vocal fold (p < 0.01) and by anterior, middle, or posterior location (p < 0.0001). Intensity changes in the middle third of vocal fold mucosa differed by solution after immersion (p < 0.01). Hypertonic solutions dehydrated the middle third of mucosa by over 30% (p < 0.001). No difference from baseline was found in anterior or posterior mucosa or in muscle after immersion. No association was found between intensity change in mucosa and muscle after immersion. After rehydration, intensity did not differ by solution in any tissue, and was not different from baseline, but post-rehydration intensity was correlated with post-immersion intensity in both mucosa and muscle (p < 0.05), suggesting that degree of change in vocal fold water content induced by hypertonic solutions ex vivo persists after rehydration. These results indicate that PD-MRI can be used to visualize large mammalian vocal fold tissue layers and to quantify changes in water content within vocal fold mucosa and thyroarytenoid muscle independently.

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“…For example, many models assumed a straight rectangle tubular or cylindrical shape for the vocal tract (Zhao et al, 2002 ; Suh and Frankel, 2007 ; Luo et al, 2008 ; Xue et al, 2010 ; Mattheus and Brücker, 2011 ; Schwarze et al, 2011 ; Zheng et al, 2011a ; Daily and Thomson, 2013 ; Jo et al, 2016 ). Given the wide variations found in laryngeal anatomy (Chhetri et al, 2011 ; Klepacek et al, 2015 ; Goodyer et al, 2016 ; Xu et al, 2016 ), use of such idealized geometries would impose significant constraints on the level of realism of simulations. For example, a fluid–structure interaction simulation inside a realistic laryngeal shape based on CT scans was recently reported in Xue et al ( 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Modeling of Fluid–Structure–Acoustics Interaction during Voice Production

Jiang

Zheng

Xue

2017

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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The paper presented a three-dimensional, first-principle based fluid–structure–acoustics interaction computer model of voice production, which employed a more realistic human laryngeal and vocal tract geometries. Self-sustained vibrations, important convergent–divergent vibration pattern of the vocal folds, and entrainment of the two dominant vibratory modes were captured. Voice quality-associated parameters including the frequency, open quotient, skewness quotient, and flow rate of the glottal flow waveform were found to be well within the normal physiological ranges. The analogy between the vocal tract and a quarter-wave resonator was demonstrated. The acoustic perturbed flux and pressure inside the glottis were found to be at the same order with their incompressible counterparts, suggesting strong source–filter interactions during voice production. Such high fidelity computational model will be useful for investigating a variety of pathological conditions that involve complex vibrations, such as vocal fold paralysis, vocal nodules, and vocal polyps. The model is also an important step toward a patient-specific surgical planning tool that can serve as a no-risk trial and error platform for different procedures, such as injection of biomaterials and thyroplastic medialization.

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The Human Vocal Fold Layers. Their Delineation Inside Vocal Fold as a Background to Create 3D Digital and Synthetic Glottal Model

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

3D multiscale imaging of human vocal folds using synchrotron X-ray microtomography in phase retrieval mode

3D multiscale imaging of human vocal folds using synchrotron X-ray microtomography in phase retrieval mode

Magnetic resonance imaging quantification of dehydration and rehydration in vocal fold tissue layers

Computational Modeling of Fluid–Structure–Acoustics Interaction during Voice Production

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