The human element in business.

Abstract

Discusses the need for making abstract business power not only scientific but also human. This entails reorganization, readjustment, regeneration and redemption; and a proper understanding of man and the problem of human relations in industry. Efficiency and harmony in business can be attained only if one understands the organic unity of the worker, the firm, the business and humanity at large. A business would be successful only if each worker wanted to improve the quality of his own work. Emphasizes the need to develop growth in the capacity for, and practice of, cooperation.

Job attitudes, job satisfaction, and job affect: A century of continuity and of change.

“…Theories of job attitudes based on needs and values derived from humanist models were already in place during of the earliest phase of job attitudes research. The second edition of the Journal of Applied Psychology , in fact, contained an article “The Human Element in Business,” which noted that a successful organizational psychology requires “a full understanding of man’s ( sic ) physical normal desires and needs—his physical wholeness—it calls for a clear perception of the meaning of his larger life which brings him into relation with his employer and fellow workmen” (Metcalf, 1917, p. 175). Over time, the themes of the inherent human needs for growth and self-actualization would become prominent in several theories, as evident in major works by McGregor (1957) and Maslow (1965).…”

Was Münsterberg a utopian?

“…They state that "the determination of ends and their values is beyond its [psychology's] sphere" (p. 20). Others reiterated this theme, particularly in regard to industrial applications (Fish, 1917;Frost, 1920;McChesney, 1917;Metcalf, 1917).…”