“…Increased levels of AMPS (e.g., α defensins) have been observed in other body fluids (e.g., plasma) following a circulating neutrophila (Shiomi et al, 1993). The variation in the responses of different AMPs to prolonged exercise (Davison et al, 2009;Davison and Diment, 2010), therefore, may be due to the changes in the maturity of circulating neutrophils (as expressions of AMPs can vary throughout the maturation of the neutrophil in the bone marrow) or decreases in some AMPs may merely reflect neutrophils undergoing a refractory period post exercise (Cowland et al, 1995;Borregard and Cowland, 1997;Gullberg et al, 1997;Nagaoka et al, 1997;Sorensen et al, 1997;Nagaoka et al, 1998Nagaoka et al, , 2000Peake, 2002).…”