The Holocene deglaciation of the Byers Peninsula (Livingston Island, Antarctica) based on the dating of lake sedimentary records

Oliva, Marc; Antoniades, Dermot; Giralt, Santiago; Granados, Ignacio; Pla-Rabés, Sergi; Toro, Manuel; Liu, Emma; Sanjurjo, Jorge; Vieira, Gonçalo

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.02.029

Cited by 44 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In this study we sampled different penguin rookeries located in deglaciated areas [ 32 , 33 ] of the maritime Antarctic region in order to analyse the concentration of chemical elements in surface soils and to describe the associated soil microbiota. Sampling was approved under the regulations of the Scientific Committee of Antarctic Research (SCAR) through the Spanish Polar Committee mediation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil features in rookeries of Antarctic penguins reveal sea to land biotransport of chemical pollutants

et al. 2017

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The main soil physical-chemical features, the concentrations of a set of pollutants, and the soil microbiota linked to penguin rookeries have been studied in 10 selected sites located at the South Shetland Islands and the Antarctic Peninsula (Maritime Antarctica). This study aims to test the hypothesis that biotransport by penguins increases the concentration of pollutants, especially heavy metals, in Antarctic soils, and alters its microbiota. Our results show that penguins do transport certain chemical elements and thus cause accumulation in land areas through their excreta. Overall, a higher penguin activity is associated with higher organic carbon content and with higher concentrations of certain pollutants in soils, especially cadmium, cooper and arsenic, as well as zinc and selenium. In contrast, in soils that are less affected by penguins’ faecal depositions, the concentrations of elements of geochemical origin, such as iron and cobalt, increase their relative weighted contribution, whereas the above-mentioned pollutants maintain very low levels. The concentrations of pollutants are far higher in those penguin rookeries that are more exposed to ship traffic. In addition, the soil microbiota of penguin-influenced soils was studied by molecular methods. Heavily penguin-affected soils have a massive presence of enteric bacteria, whose relative dominance can be taken as an indicator of penguin influence. Faecal bacteria are present in addition to typical soil taxa, the former becoming dominant in the microbiota of penguin-affected soils, whereas typical soil bacteria, such as Actinomycetales, co-dominate the microbiota of less affected soils. Results indicate that the continuous supply by penguin faeces, and not the selectivity by increased pollutant concentrations is the main factor shaping the soil bacterial community. Overall, massive penguin influence results in increased concentrations of certain pollutants and in a strong change in taxa dominance in the soil bacterial community.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil features in rookeries of Antarctic penguins reveal sea to land biotransport of chemical pollutants

et al. 2017

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“…This has led to a considerable change in the hydrological processes within the respective watersheds that are supplied with snowmelt and glacier runoffs [5][6][7][8]. Understanding the spatial and temporal variations of snowmelt and glacier runoff is important because snowmelt and runoff are usually the pivotal sources of water supply at a regional scale [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spatial and Temporal Contribution of Glacier Runoff to Watershed Discharge in the Yarkant River Basin, Northwest China

Yin

Feng

Liu

et al. 2017

Water

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Abstract:In this paper, a glacial module based on an enhanced temperature-index approach was successfully introduced into the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model to simulate the glacier runoff and water balance of a glacierized watershed, the mountainous region of the Yarkant River Basin (YRB) in Karakoram. Calibration and validation of the SWAT model were based on comparisons between the simulated and observed discharge with a monthly temporal resolution from 1961 to 2011 for the Kaqun hydrological station. The results reaffirmed the viability of the approach for simulating glacier runoff, as evidenced by a Nash-Sutcliff Efficiency (NSE) of 0.82-0.86 as well as a percentage bias (PBIAS) of −4.5% to 2.4%, for the calibration and validation periods, respectively. Over the last 50 years, the total discharge and glacier runoff both exhibited increasing trends with 0.031 × 10 9 m 3 ·a −1 and 0.011 × 10 9 m 3 ·a −1 . The annual glacier runoff contribution to the streamflow was between 42.3% and 64.5%, with an average of 51.6%, although the glaciers accounted for only 12.6% of the watershed drainage area in the mountainous YRB. The monthly contribution of the glacier runoff ranged from 11.0% in April to 62.1% in August, and the glacier runoff from June to September accounted for about 86.3% of the annual glacier runoff. Runoff from the mountainous regions above 5000 m a.s.l. accounted for 70.5% of the total discharge, with glacier runoff contributions being approximately 46.4%.

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“…60 km 2 . The area has been deglaciated during the Holocene following the eastward retreat of the Rotch Dome glacier (Oliva et al, 2016). The relief of Byers Peninsula is organized around a central plateau (70-100 m) surrounded by Holocene marine terraces and the present-day beaches, with a few isolated hills exceeding an elevation of 140 m rising above the plateau (López-Martínez et al, 2012).…”

Section: Livingston Island -Byers Peninsulamentioning

confidence: 99%

Active layer thermal regime in two climatically contrasted sites of the Antarctic Peninsula region

Hrbáček

Oliva

Láska

et al. 2016

CIG

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The Holocene deglaciation of the Byers Peninsula (Livingston Island, Antarctica) based on the dating of lake sedimentary records

Cited by 44 publications

References 48 publications

Soil features in rookeries of Antarctic penguins reveal sea to land biotransport of chemical pollutants

Soil features in rookeries of Antarctic penguins reveal sea to land biotransport of chemical pollutants

The Spatial and Temporal Contribution of Glacier Runoff to Watershed Discharge in the Yarkant River Basin, Northwest China

Active layer thermal regime in two climatically contrasted sites of the Antarctic Peninsula region

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