The histophysiology of antibody-forming sites in the marine toad

Cowden, Ronald R.; Gebhardt, Bryan M.; Volpe, E. Peter

doi:10.1007/bf00325034

Cited by 17 publications

References 5 publications

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Response of the toad, Xenopus laevis, to circulating antigens. I. Cellular changes in the spleen

Turner

Manning

1973

J. Exp. Zool.

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The localization, cytology and proliferation of lymphoid cells in the spleen of Xenopus laevis were investigated in normal toads and in toads stimulated with sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) or human gamma globulin (HGG). In toads given HGG in adjuvant, considerable increase in spleen weight was found both before and during serum antibody production; autoradiographic and histological examination showed that cell proliferation and formation of pyroninophilic cells had markedly increased in the splenic lymphoid tissue, particularly in the white pulp, but to a considerable extent also in the red pulp. Cell proliferation was also present, although less pronounced, after injections of HGG in saline. In toads given SRBC, most proliferation occurred in the white pulp, particularly towards the periphery of the follicles.Light and electron microscopy revealed that the lymphoid cells in the Xenopus spleen -in particular small lymphocytes and large pyroninophilic cells -are similar to those implicated in the mammalian immune response.However, cell clusters resembling mammalian germinal centres were absent. Furthermore, cells resembling the mammalian plasma cell were rare in both normal and immunized toads.

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Response of the toad, Xenopus laevis, to circulating antigens. I. Cellular changes in the spleen

Turner

Manning

1973

J. Exp. Zool.

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Response of the toad, Xenopus laevis, to circulating antigens. II. Responses after splenectomy

Turner

1973

J. Exp. Zool.

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It was demonstrated that the spleen cannot be the only site of antibody induction or formation in Xenopus laevis -even though cellular activity in response to circulating antigen is most evident in this organsince serum antibody titres in splenectomized toads were comparable with those in sham-operated animals after immunization with human gamma globulin (in adjuvant) or with sheep erythrocytes. This is of interest since the spleen appears to be the only lymphoid organ in X . laevis with any complexity of structural organization, the remaining foci consisting mainly of irregularly arranged lymphocytes. These experiments indicate that complex structural organization of lymphoreticular tissues may not be essential to immunological competence.

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Histogenesis of the lymphomyeloid complex in the larval leopard frog, Rana pipiens

Horton

1971

Journal of Morphology

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The histophysiology of antibody-forming sites in the marine toad

Cited by 17 publications

References 5 publications

Response of the toad, Xenopus laevis, to circulating antigens. I. Cellular changes in the spleen

Response of the toad, Xenopus laevis, to circulating antigens. I. Cellular changes in the spleen

Response of the toad, Xenopus laevis, to circulating antigens. II. Responses after splenectomy

Histogenesis of the lymphomyeloid complex in the larval leopard frog, Rana pipiens

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