The Hispanic Epidemiological Paradox in the Fastest-Growing State in the United States

Body Mass Index and Colon Cancer Screening: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…We found moderate heterogeneity for the meta-analyses comparing white women with class II (I 2 = 61%) and III (I 2 = 53%) obesity to those with a normal BMI (Supplementary Figure 3). With the exception of two studies (15, 45), the effect measures from all studies were consistent with the combined estimate of the odds ratio for the class II obesity category; omission of either of these two studies did not change the inference for this meta-analysis. For the class III obesity category, only the odds ratio estimate from Yang et al (45) was not consistent with the combined odds ratio, and omission of this study did not change the results.…”

“…With the exception of two studies (15, 45), the effect measures from all studies were consistent with the combined estimate of the odds ratio for the class II obesity category; omission of either of these two studies did not change the inference for this meta-analysis. For the class III obesity category, only the odds ratio estimate from Yang et al (45) was not consistent with the combined odds ratio, and omission of this study did not change the results. Meta-regression suggested study type as a possible source of heterogeneity ( P < 0.001) for this BMI category.…”

“…Of 5,543 citations reviewed, twenty-three articles met our inclusion criteria (Supplementary Figure 1) (13, 15, 17, 18, 27–45). We describe the design of the included studies in Table 1.…”

“…Yang et al evaluated ethnicity as a predictor of colon cancer screening and adjusted this analysis for BMI, but the BMI-colon cancer screening methods and results were not reported specifically (45); thus, the following description of quality of included studies focuses on the remaining 22 studies. One study did not specify objectives or hypotheses regarding the BMI-colon cancer screening analyses (29).…”

Factors Related to the Seeking and Contribution of Prenatal Care Among Ethnically Diverse Adolescents

“…In an attempt to shed light on this paradox, studies have shown that despite lower socioeconomic status and access to health care, Hispanics are more likely to report beneficial health behaviors, such as less violence and less smoking, that aid in protection from adverse health outcomes (Yang et al 2009). Further, "social and cultural factors contributing to the paradox are maintained by community networks {or} informal systems of prenatal care that are composed of family, friends, community members and health care workers."…”